Chapter 1

Question 1

What are cells?

Answer 1

basic unit of structure and function in living things

Question 2

3 laws of cell theory?

Answer 2

all living things are composed of cells, cells are basic unit of structure and function in living things, all cells are produced from other cells

Question 3

Who discovered plants are made of cells?

Answer 3

Mathias Scheilden

Question 4

who found out all cells come from cells

Answer 4

Rudolph Virchow

Question 4

What did Theodor Schwann do?

Answer 4

all animals are made of cells

Question 5

What is the difference between Leeuwenhoek and Robert Hooke

Answer 5

Leuwenhoek: Single-lens microscope
Hooke: Improved compound microscope

Leeuwenhoek discovered cellls of living things, Hooke did non-living

Question 6

What do single cells/organisms obtain and get rid of

Answer 6

obtain: food water, oxygen
get rid of: Carbon dioxide, wastes, excess water

Question 7

What does light microscopes do?

Answer 7

focus light through lenses to magnify image

Question 8

What are the improvements of compound microscopes

Answer 8

2 or more lenses

Question 9

what is the condition in which things appear larger than they are

Answer 9

magnification

Question 10

what lens do magnifying glass use

Answer 10

convex lens

Question 11

what are the functions of the cell wall

Answer 11

1.protect cell 2.material pass easily (only in plants)

Question 12

Cell membrane functions

Answer 12

forms border between cell and environment

controls which substances pass in and out

prevents harmful materials from entering

Question 13

Nucleus functions

Answer 13

large oval structure in cell

direct all of cells activities

Question 14

what is the nuclear envelope

Answer 14

surrounds nucleus, controls materials that pass through PORES in and out of nucleus.

Question 15

What the fuck is the chromatin

Answer 15

Contains information for directing a cells function

Question 16

Nucleolus functions?

Answer 16

1. Small round structure in nucleus
2. The place where ribosomes are made

Question 17

What are ribosomes

Answer 17

small grain-shaped ORGANELLES that produce proteins.

Question 18

What the fuck is the cytoplasm

Answer 18

fills region between cell membrane and nucleus.

Clear gel-like fluid

Carry along nucleus and organelles that have specific jobs

Question 19

WHAT THE FUCK ARE ORGANELLES

Answer 19

tiny structures within cells, carry out specific actions.. Nucleus is the largest organelle

Question 20

what the fuck is the mitochondria

Answer 20

float in cytoplasm (rod shaped structures)

“powerhouses of a cell”

convert ENERGY stored in FOOD to energy the CELL CAN ACTUALLY USE to live and function

Question 21

WHAT THE FUCK IS THE ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (ER)

Answer 21

organelle with network of membranes that produce many substances.

Ribosomes dot some parts of ER, while others float

Question 22

Ribosomes functionsss? FUCKKKK

Answer 22

made in nucleolus
produce proteins needed by cells

Question 23

how does the endoplasmic reticulum help ribosomes

Answer 23

1.helps ribosomes make proteins
2.newly made proteins leave ER, move to other organelles

Question 24

what the fuck is the LYSOSOME????

Answer 24

saclike organelles, break down large food particles into smaller ones. recycle substances only in ANIMAL CELLS

Question 25

GOLGI APPARATUS

Answer 25

1. looks like flattened sacks and tubes 2. cells warehouse 3. recieve proteins from ER 4. Package and distribute materials to other parts of the cell or to the outside of the cell

Question 26

WHAT THE FUCK are THE VACUOLES

Answer 26

large water like sacks in cytoplasm in plant cells usually, store water, food needed by cells also store waste products until removal

Question 27

list 3 examples of unicellular organisms

Answer 27

amoeba, bacteria, paramoecium

Question 27

CHLOROPLASTS

Answer 27

make leaves green capture energy from sunlight and change it to a form of energy cells can use in making food

Question 28

what is an element

Answer 28

a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances

Question 29

most elemnts in living things occur in the form of _______

Answer 29

compounds

Question 30

what is the smallest unit in compounds

Answer 30

molecules

Question 31

what are the organic compounds that living things need

Answer 31

carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids. Inorganic: waters, minerals (ex sodium)