Chapter 1

Question 1

Globalization

Answer 1

consolidation of the world into a whole space, making a “global community”

Question 2

Sports go global because…

Answer 2

new markets/customers, brand growth, more leagues/teams/manufacturing, long-term growth and stability

Question 3

the “global village”

Answer 3

McWhan’s 1994 term about how the world has become smaller because of tech and increased flow and distribution

Question 4

Benefits of Globalization

Answer 4

diversity, more countries competing, and more employment opportunities

Question 5

Issues with Globalization

Answer 5

safety, adequate infrastructure, keeping up with technology, environment, more global media conglomerates, welfare, discrimination, terrorism

Question 6

Sociology

Answer 6

the study of the social worlds that people create, maintain, and change through their relationships with each other

Question 7

Social Worlds

Answer 7

identifiable spheres of everyday actions and relationships

Question 8

Society

Answer 8

relatively self-sufficient collection of people who maintain a way of life

Question 9

Culture

Answer 9

the shared ways of life and shared understandings that people develop as they live longer

Question 10

Social Interaction

Answer 10

people taking each other into account and, in the process, influencing each other’s feelings, thoughts, and actions

Question 11

Social Structure

Answer 11

the established patterns of relationships and special arrangements that take shape as people live, work, and play with each other

Question 12

North American/European Definition of Sports

Answer 12

Physical activities that involve challenges or competitive contests

Question 13

Physical Culture

Answer 13

all forms of movement and physical activities that people in particular social worlds create, sustain, and regularly include in their collective lives

Question 14

Social Constructions

Answer 14

parts of the social world that are created by people as they live and interact with one another under particular social, political, and economic conditions

Question 15

Contested Activities

Answer 15

there are no timeless and universal agreements about what they mean, why they exist, and how they should be organized

Question 16

Sociology of Sport

Answer 16

primarily a subdiscipline of sociology and physical education that studies sports as social phenomena

Question 17

Sociology of Sport Questions one and two

Answer 17

(1) Why are some activities, and not others, selected and designated as sports in particular groups and societies? (2) Why are sports created and organized in different ways at different times and in different places?

Question 18

Sociology of Sport Questions Three and Four

Answer 18

(3) How do people include sports in their lives, and does participation affect individual development and relationships? (4) How do sports affect our ideas about the world?

Question 19

Sociology of Sport Questions Five and Six

Answer 19

(5) How do various sports compare with other forms of movement in producing positive health and fitness outcomes? (6) How do sports contribute to community and societal developments and why do so many people assume that they do?

Question 20

Sociology of Sport Questions Seven and Eight

Answer 20

(7) How is the meaning, purpose, and organization of sports related to the culture, social structure, and resources of society? (8) How are sports-related to important social spheres?

Question 21

Sociology of Sport Questions Nine and Ten

Answer 21

(9) How do people use their sports experiences/knowledge as they interact with others and explain the world? (10) How can people use sociological knowledge about sports to understand and participate more actively and effectively in society, especially as agents of progressive change?

Question 22

Sport Myth implies…

Answer 22

there is no need to study sports or seek ways to make them better

Question 23

The Great Sport Myth

Answer 23

sport is pure and good and its purity and goodness are transferred to anyone who plays , consumes, or sponsors sport

Question 24

What group of people have the lowest rates of sports participation?

Answer 24

poor and working-class women

Question 25

Why do poor and working-class women not participate in sports?

Answer 25

they are less likely to have time, money, freedom, and cultural permission, they have little to no control of facilities and programs, less transportation, and expected to take care of the family

Question 26

Why study sports?

Answer 26

socially significant, reinforce important ideas and beliefs, integrated into major social spheres

Question 27

Social Capital

Answer 27

the social resources that link them to social worlds

Question 28

Ideology

Answer 28

the shared interpretive framework that people use to make sense of and evaluate themselves, others, and events in their social worlds

Question 29

Gender Ideology

Answer 29

interrelated ideas and beliefs that are widely used to define femininity and masculinity

Question 30

Dominant Gender Ideology

Answer 30

humans are male or female, heterosexuality is correct, men are more naturally suited for power and leadership positions

Question 31

Meritocracy

Answer 31

deserving people become successful and where failure is the result of inability, poor choices, or a lack of motivation

Question 32

Dominant Ideology

Answer 32

represents the perspectives and ideas favored by people who have power and influence and society

Question 33

Racial Ideology

Answer 33

classify people into categories assumed to be biological and related to attributes such as intelligence, temperament, and physical abilities

Question 34

Social Class Ideology

Answer 34

evaluates material status, explains why economic success, failures and inequalities exist

Question 35

Ableist Ideology

Answer 35

widely used to identify people as physically or intellectually disabled to justify treating them as inferior and to organize social worlds and physical spaces without taking them into account