Chapter 1

Question 1

Define the format, order of messages sent and received among network entities, and actions taken on message transmission and receipt

Answer 1

protocols

Question 2

Devices and connection points that users interact with directly

Answer 2

user access points

Question 3

What two categories are hosts divided into?

Answer 3

clients and servers

Question 4

Connects end-users, such as households, mobile devices, businesses, to the main telecommunication network

Answer 4

user connectivity interface

Question 5

Physical media that is bounded, like physical cables

Answer 5

guided media

Question 6

Physical media that is unbounded, like wireless communication and radio waves

Answer 6

unguided media

Question 7

Network that connects devices within a limited area such as a residence, school or office building

Answer 7

local area networks (LANs)

Question 8

Network that connects network devices across large geographical areas

Answer 8

wide area network (WAN)

Question 9

Which network topology? All devices (nodes) are connected to a single communication line and data is broadcasted from one device to another

Answer 9

bus

Question 10

Which network topology? Highly interconnected structure, where each node is directly connected to one or more other node

Answer 10

mesh

Question 11

Which network topology? No centralized data transmitter, so each node communicates with the next node until the intended node is reached

Answer 11

ring

Question 12

Which network topology? Each node is connected to a central hub that facilitates communication

Answer 12

star

Question 13

The internet is a ___________ network, meaning hosts break application-layer messages into packets and packets are forwarded from one router to the next across links on path from source to destination

Answer 13

packet-switched

Question 14

Method of segmenting data into packets before sending it over a digital network

Answer 14

packet switching

Question 15

Entire packet must arrive at router before it can be transmitted on the next link

Answer 15

store-and-forward

Question 16

Takes (L bits per packet/R bits per second) seconds to transmit L-bit packet into link at R bps

Answer 16

transmission delay

Question 17

(2L bits per packet/R bits per second), assuming no propagation delay

Answer 17

end-end delay

Question 18

For each attached link, the packet switch has an _________ which stores packets the router is about to send into that link

Answer 18

output buffer

Question 19

End-end resources needed along a path are reserved for the duration of the communication session

Answer 19

circuit switching

Question 20

Optical, electromagnetic frequencies are divided into frequency bands. Each call is allocated its own bandwidth and can transmit at max rate of that narrow band

Answer 20

frequency division multiplexing (FDM)

Question 21

Time is divided into a slot. Each call is allocated periodic slots and can transmit at max rate of frequency band but only during its time slot

Answer 21

time division multiplexing (TDM)

Question 22

The time it takes for a signal to travel between two endpoints of a link

Answer 22

propagation delay

Question 23

The time a packet waits in a queue before it can be processed due to a router being busy with other packets

Answer 23

queuing delay

Question 24

The time required to push all the packet’s bits into the wire

Answer 24

transmission delay

Question 25

The time it takes by routers or switches to process the packet header, check for bit-level errors, and manage routing

Answer 25

processing delay

Question 26

The rate at which data is successfully transmitted from one point to another over a network

Answer 26

throughput

Question 27

The maximum rate at which data can be transferred across a network connection over a period of time

Answer 27

bandwidth

Question 28

The practice of protecting both hardware and software mechanisms from unauthorized access, misuse, malfunction, destruction, or modification

Answer 28

network security

Question 29

Software intentionally designed to cause damage to a computer or computer network

Answer 29

malware

Question 30

Involves intercepting and logging traffic that passes over a network

Answer 30

packet sniffing

Question 31

Renders a network, host, or other piece of infrastructure unusable by legitimate users

Answer 31

denial-of-service (DoS) attacks

Question 32

Forging the source IP address in the IP header of a packet to make it appear as if the packet is coming from a different address

Answer 32

IP spoofing

Question 33

What are the layers of the OSI model?

Answer 33

7. application 6. presentation 5. session 4. transport 3. network 2. data link 1. physical

Question 34

What are the layers of the TCP/IP model?

Answer 34

application transport network link (physical)