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1 A Chemistry Final > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Chemistry

A

Study of Matter & its changes

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2
Q

Matter is?

A

Everything around us that has mass and volume

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3
Q

What is chemistry also sometimes called?

A

The central science - it plays a role in all other sciences

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4
Q

What are some areas of daily life that chemistry is found in?

A

Health and medicine (disease & life span)
Energy and the environment (power sor)
Material materials and technology (chips)
Food and agriculture (bioengineering)

HM, EE, MT, FA

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5
Q

What are the 5 branches of chemistry?

A

APB IO
Analytical- components of substances
Physical- properties measured/observed
Biochemistry- how living things function
Organic- compounds that contain carbon
Inorganic - compounds that do not contain carbon

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6
Q

What do all branches of Chemistry employ?

A

The scientific method-

systematic (step by step) approach to research

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7
Q

What are the steps in the scientific method?

A

1) define the problem
2) set up a hypothesis (educated guess)
3) set up experiments & collect data
Quantitative (#’s) / Qualitative (features)
4) organize data into logical patterns
(Bar graph, pie graph, etc)
5) Make Conclusions - hypothesis correct

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8
Q

What is an example of an experiment we would use the scientific method for?

A

The probability of a coin landing on heads when tossed 10 times in the air

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9
Q

Anything that has mass and volume is described as?

A

Matter

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10
Q

What are the 4 classifications of matter?

A

1) PURE Substance(compound/element) with constant composition and specific properties (salt-taste,gold-looks)

2)Mixture-homo=uniform solutions(NaCl/ heterogeneous=pizza/italian dressing,etc

3) Elements - periodic table
4) COMPOUNDS-pure substance of 2+elements bonded together (fixed prop)

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11
Q

Are alloys heterogeneous or homogeneous?

A

Homogeneous Mixtures = SOLUTIONS

LIKE Salt Water (NaCl & H2O)
&
MouthWash

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12
Q

What kind of mixture is air?

A

Homogeneous

(Combo of 5 gases : oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, argon, and water) 

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13
Q

What kind of mixture is Donald Trump?

A

Heterogeneous (solid waste dump) according to Prof Gohl

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14
Q

What elements were named by the Greeks in the fifth century BC?

A

FEAW

Fire, Earth, Air, Water

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15
Q

What elements were named by the Chinese in the fourth century BC?

A

5 Elements WWEFM

Water, wood, Earth, Fire, Metal

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16
Q

In 1661 who said that there was no preconceived number of elements?

A

Robert Boyle

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17
Q

A pure substance composed of two or more elements bonded together in fixed proportions that can be broken down into those elements by a chemical reaction is called

A

A compound

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18
Q

In 1869 who arranged the elements into the periodic table?

Study These Flashcards
A

Dimitri Mendeleev

19
Q

What is an element?

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A

A substance that CANNOT be separated into simpler substances

20
Q

Name some ways element got their names or symbols

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A

1) Property in another language (Fe)
2) place of discover (francium, berkelium)
3) Ytterby, Sweden (4 erbium,terbium,etc)
4) Planets/Mythology-plutonium,uranium
5) after Noted SCIENTISTS

21
Q

Which scientist does not have an element named after him?

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A

Isaac Newton

(Einsteinium, Bohrium, Fermium all after scientists)

This means the scientist was honored, they did not discover the element

22
Q

The international system of units recognized in the scientific community are?

23
Q

What is the SI unit for length?

24
Q

What is the SI unit for mass?

Study These Flashcards
A

Kilogram (kg)

25
What is the SI unit for time?
Seconds (S)
26
What is the SI unit for temperature?
Kelvin (K)
27
Anytime we take a measurement we need two things. What are they?
A Number & Unit
28
Mass is ________ and weight depends on your ______________?
Mass is CONSTANT, no matter where you are, and weight depends on your GRAVITATIONAL PULL.
29
Density =
Density = mass/volume Density = mass per unit of volume
30
Volume of a cube
Length x Width x Height = m^3 (meters cubed or cubic meters)
31
Weight on earth and on the moon will be different because weight is gravitational pull but what will be the same on the moon and on earth?
Mass will be the same
32
How do we represent micro?
10^-6 10 to the negative 6
33
How is micro represented?
Greek letter mu Looks like : u So micrometers is um Greek letter mu and the letter m
34
How do you represent Tera?
10^12=1×10¹² Has 12 zeros which is 1 trillion (Tera =trillion )
35
Temp conversions: Celsius to Kelvin =? Celsius to Fahrenheit? Fahrenheit to Celsius?
Celsius to Kelvin = + 273.15K Celsius to Fahrenheit = 9/5C+32 Fahrenheit to Celsius= (F-32)*5/9
36
What is the lowest theoretically attainable temperature?
0 Kelvin
37
What type of property/change can be observed without changing it into another substance
A physical property
38
What type of properties/change can be observed only by reacting it to form another substance?
A chemical property- creates something different than what you started with a piece of paper burnt turns into ash (not the same thing you started with)
39
What type of property varies with the quantity of the substance present?
Extensive property - deals with quantities How much of the substance is used
40
What type of property is independent of the quantity of the substance present?
Intensive property - independent of quantity present Ex. Boiling point (measured/observed) Melting point, density (do not change with the quantity of substance present) Intensive (attributes)
41
Boiling point of water ? Melting point?
Boiling point of water = 100°C Melting point = 0°C No matter how much is present and the DENSITY of water is always 1g / ml
42
What are some examples of extensive properties?
Mass & Volume - which vary with the amount present
43
What are some examples of intensive properties?
Boiling point, melting point, density

1 A Chemistry Final (6 decks)

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