Chapter 1 Flashcards

(20 cards)

1
Q

an essential nutrient is

A

one that
must be supplied by the diet, because your body simply cannot synthesize it.

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2
Q

The essential nutrients that you will learn
about can be split into two major groups

A

the macronutrients and the micronutrients

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3
Q

macronutrients are

A

essential nutrients that we require in very large amounts

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4
Q

micronutrients are

A

essential nutrients that we require in far much smaller amounts

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5
Q

distinguishing feature between micronutrients and macronutrients:

A

macronutrients are energy yielding nutrients

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6
Q

macronutrients include (3):

A

(1) Carbohydrates
(2) Lipids
(3) Proteins

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7
Q

do micronutrients yield energy?

A

no

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8
Q

micronutrients include:

A

the vitamins and the minerals

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9
Q

vitamin A is:

A

-a crucial vitamin that enables the cells of your
body to divide properly
-vitamin A enables the epithelial cells that line the entire alimentary canal to divide
properly
In the absence
of vitamin A, these epithelial cells won’t divide properly, And as a consequence, this will
lead to a deficiency in all other essential nutrients.

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10
Q

4 types of tissues we find in the

A

epithelial tissue, muscle tissue, neural tissue, and connective tissue

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11
Q

Nutrition refers to

A

how an organism, be it a plant, animal or a single bacterial cell,
acquires food and uses food to support all processes required for its existence.

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12
Q

The science of nutrition is the study of

A

the nutrients and other substances in food and
the body’s handling of them.

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13
Q

Nutritional genomics is
the science of

A

how nutrients affect gene expression.

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14
Q

food doesn’t only supply essential nutrients. Other nutrients, called non-nutrients,
like __ and ___ stave off chronic diseases.

A

fiber and phytochemicals

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15
Q

Fiber promotes

A

bowel health
Food waste is quickly and effortlessly eliminated, helping
to reduce the risk of colon cancer

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16
Q

Phytochemicals function as

A

antioxidants to help reduce the risk of chronic diet-related
diseases

17
Q

An essential nutrient is one that

A

must be supplied by the diet because the
human body cannot synthesize it. Or maybe it can, but not in sufficient quantities.

18
Q

Fiber promotes

19
Q

Phytochemicals function as

A

antioxidants to help reduce the risk of chronic diet-related
diseases.