Chapter 1 Flashcards
(34 cards)
How can data communication networks affect businesses?
They enable distributed systems, faster information flow, better control, and provide messaging services like email.
Name three important applications of data communication networks.
Email, videoconferencing, and the Internet.
How do LANs differ from WANs and BNs?
LANs are local, BNs connect parts of a single site, WANs cover large geographic areas and use leased lines.
What is a MAN?
A network that spans a city or county.
What is a circuit?
A path messages travel, made of copper, fiber optic, or wireless, with devices like routers and switches along the way.
What is a client?
A device that provides user access to a network and connects to the server via a communication circuit.
What is a server?
A device that stores data or software accessed by clients.
Why are network layers important?
They simplify hardware/software development, promote compatibility, and allow connectivity across diverse systems.
What are the seven OSI model layers?
Application, Presentation, Session, Transport, Network, Data Link, Physical.
What does the OSI Application layer do?
Provides application software for the network user.
What does the OSI Presentation layer do?
Formats data for presentation and ensures compatibility between systems.
What does the OSI Session layer do?
Initiates, maintains, and terminates sessions between users.
What does the OSI Transport layer do?
Establishes, maintains, and terminates connections for data transfer.
What does the OSI Network layer do?
Breaks messages into smaller packets, assigns addresses, and routes messages.
What does the OSI Data Link layer do?
Formats messages, determines transmission timing, and handles error detection and correction.
What does the OSI Physical layer do?
Manages the hardware and transmission media between sender and receiver.
What are the five layers of the Internet model?
Application, Transport, Network, Data Link, Physical.
What does the Application layer in the Internet model do?
Provides application services to users.
What does the Transport layer in the Internet model do?
Handles end-to-end message delivery, segmentation, and connection management.
What does the Network layer in the Internet model do?
Addresses and routes messages through the network.
What does the Data Link layer in the Internet model do?
Formats messages, controls physical layer, and handles error detection.
What does the Physical layer in the Internet model do?
Manages the hardware and transmission media between sender and receiver.
How is a message transmitted from one computer to another?
Each layer performs a task from app → transport (breaks/reassembles) → network (routes) → data link (frames) → physical (sends bits).
What are the three stages of standardization?
Specification, identification of choices, and acceptance.
