Chapter 2 Flashcards
(34 cards)
What are the three main types of application architectures?
Host-based, client-based, and client-server.
What is a host-based architecture?
All processing and data storage occurs on the host; terminals only provide access.
What is a client-based architecture?
Processing occurs on the client, while data is stored on the server.
What is a client-server architecture?
Processing is balanced: server handles data access/storage, client handles application and presentation logic.
What are the four basic functions of application software?
Data storage, data access logic, application logic, and presentation logic.
What is middleware and what does it do?
Middleware manages client-server communication and allows different vendors’ systems to work together.
What are the advantages of host-based networks?
Centralized security, simpler installation, and a unified architecture.
What are the disadvantages of host-based networks?
Server overload risk and terminal dependency.
What are the advantages of client-server networks?
Balanced processing, lower cost, scalable, and multi-vendor compatibility.
What are the disadvantages of client-server networks?
Complexity in managing and installing software; potential compatibility issues.
Why are client-server networks usually less expensive?
Lower incremental upgrade costs, competitive market, and smoother cost curve compared to host-based.
What is a two-tiered client-server architecture?
Clients communicate directly with the server.
What is a three-tiered architecture?
Presentation logic, application logic, and data access logic and storage are split across multiple servers.
What is an n-tiered architecture?
Uses multiple tiers for application logic, often including web servers for scalability.
What is a thin client?
A client with minimal or no application logic; relies heavily on servers.
What is a thick client?
A client that performs most or all application logic.
What is cloud computing?
Outsourcing software/services over the Internet, usually via subscription or pay-per-use.
What are the benefits of cloud computing?
Scalability, lower costs, expert management, and flexible pricing.
What is a virtual server?
One physical computer acting as multiple servers using virtualization software.
What is HTTP used for?
Communication between a web browser and a web server.
What are the three parts of an HTTP request?
Request line, request header, and request body.
What are the three parts of an HTTP response?
Response status, response header, and response body (the web page).
What is HTML used for?
Creating web pages; includes a <head> and a <body> section.
How do a web browser and server work together?
The browser sends a URL via HTTP; the server responds with the requested page using HTTP.
