Chapter 1-2 Flashcards
1
Q
encephal/o
A
brain
2
Q
cerebr/o
A
cerebrum
3
Q
crani/o
A
cranium/skull
4
Q
cardi/o
A
heart
5
Q
angi/o
A
vessel
6
Q
Pulmon/o
A
lung
7
Q
gastr/o
A
stomach
8
Q
col/o, colon/o
A
colon
9
Q
nephr/o, ren/o
A
kidney
10
Q
cyst/o
A
urinary bladder, sac of fluid
11
Q
aden/o
A
gland
12
Q
oste/o
A
bone
13
Q
arthr/o
A
joint
14
Q
dermat/o
A
skin
15
Q
chrondr/o
A
cartilage
16
Q
my/o
A
muscle
17
Q
cyt/o
A
cell
18
Q
carcin/o
A
cancer, cancerous
19
Q
albin/o
A
white
20
Q
anthrac/o
A
black (as coal)
21
Q
chlor/o
A
green
22
Q
cirrh/o
A
tawny yellow
23
Q
cyan/o
A
blue
24
Q
eosin/o
A
rosy
25
erythr/o
red
26
juand/o
yellow
27
leuk/o
white
28
lute/o
yellow
29
melan/o
black
30
poli/o
gray
31
xanth/o
yellow
32
uni-
one
33
bi-
two
34
tri-
three
35
quandri-
four
36
hemi-, semi-
half
37
multi- , poly-
many, much
38
pan-
all
39
a-, an-
without, not, no
40
in-
not
41
anti-, contra-
against
42
de-
lack of, less
43
dys-
painful, bad, difficult, abnormal
44
mal-
ill, bad
45
eu-
good, normal
46
hyper-
above, excessive
47
hypo-
below, under, deficient
48
brady-
slow
49
tachy-
fast
50
neo-
new, recent
51
syn-, sym-
union, together
52
mega-, macro-
large
53
micro-
small
54
per-
throughout, completely
55
pre-
before
56
post-
after, behind
57
meta-
after, subsequent to
58
peri-
surrounding
59
ab-
away from
60
ad-
toward
61
trans-
across, through
62
ex-
out, away from
63
exo-, ecto-
out
64
en-, endo-
in, within
65
inter-
between
66
intra-
within, into
67
sub-, infra-
below, under
68
supra-
above, upper
69
-ic, -ac,-al, -iac
pertaining to
70
-ist
specialist
71
-logy
study (process of)
72
-oid
resembling
73
-ole
small
74
-genesis
forming, producing
75
-genic
produced by/in, genes
76
-ium
tissue, structure
77
-ism, -ia, y
condition
78
-osis
abnormal condition (usually)
79
-algia
pain
80
-emia
blood condition
81
-itis
inflammation
82
-megaly
enlargement
83
-malacia
softening
84
-oma
tumor
85
-pathy
disease
86
-rrhea
flow, discharge
87
-genic
producing, genes
88
-centesis
surgical puncture to remove fluid
89
-stomy
new opening (to form a mouth)
90
-tomy
process of cutting
91
-ectomy
excision, removal
92
-plasty
surgical repair
93
-rrhaphy
suture
94
-opsy
examination, inspection
95
-scope
instrument used for visual examination
96
-scopy
visual examination
97
-gram
record
98
-graphy
process of recording
99
-graph
instrument for recording
100
-meter
measure
101
plural of "a"
ae
102
plural of "EN"
ina
103
plural of "ex, ix, yx"
ices
104
plural of "is"
es
105
plural of "on"
a
106
plural of "um"
a
107
plural of "us"
i
108
plural of "x, nx"
ges, nges
109
epi-
above, upon, on
110
inter-
between
111
intra-
within, into
112
peri-
surrounding
113
retro-
backwards, behind
114
sub-, infra-
below
115
supra-
above, upper
116
caud/o
tail, lower part of the body
117
cephal/o
head
118
proxim/o
near, proximal
119
-plasia
formation, growth
120
-sis
condition, state of
121
-stasis
to stop, control
122
abdomin/o
abdomen
123
acr/o
extremities
124
brachi/o
arm
125
cervic/o
neck, cervical
126
-cyte
cell
127
fibr/o
fiber
128
hemat/o
blood
129
hist/o
tissue
130
hydr/o
water
131
leiomy/o
smooth
132
lip/o
fat
133
lumb/o
lumbar region, lower back
134
morph/o
form, shape
135
necr/o
death
136
neur/o
nerve
137
nucle/o
nucleus
138
path/o
disease
139
ped/o, pod/o
foot
140
pelv/i
pelvis
141
sarc/o
flesh, sacral
142
thorac/o
chest
143
troph/o
nouishment
144
viscer/o
internal organs
145
coccyg/o
coccygeal
146
cranial cavity
within the skill occupied by the brain
147
thoracic cavity
within the chest occupied by the lungs, heart, etc
148
abdominal cavity
within the abdomen occupied by the digestive system and other organs
149
pelvic cavity
within the pelvis occupied by some reproductive system, urinary, and digestive organ
150
spinal cavity
within the spine occupied by the spinal cord
151
orthopedists
musculoskeletal system
152
etiology
study of cause of disease
153
exacerbation
an increase in the severity of a disease or symptoms
154
Medical record
1. Hospital and Clinical records
2. History and physical examination (H&P)
3. Health care provider notes (surgical procedure)
4. Consent forms
5. Laboratory and diagnostic test reports
6. Other specialty reports
155
History and physical examination (H&P)
1. Chief Complaint
2. History of Present Illness (symptoms)
3. Patient History (medical, surgical, social, family)
4. Review of System (symptoms)
5. Vital signs
6. Physical Examination (signs) ---> inspection, palpation, percussion, and auscultation
7. Lab & Imaging Data
8. Diagnosis
9. Disposition (treatment & plan)
156
History and physical examination (H&P
- symptoms
what the patient says, subjective, history, patient/family history
157
History and physical examination (H&P)
- signs
what you see, objective, physical finding, from health care provider/medical staff
158
History of Present Illness
- open questions
- OPQRST (on set, provocation/palliation, quality, region/radiation, severity, time)
- OLD CARTS (onset, location, duration, character, aggravating/ alleviating, radiation, time, severity)
159
Patient History
-Medical history (disease and time)
- Surgical history
(procedure, location, date)
- Medicine history (what, dose, route, frequency)
- Allergies (food, medication, environmental)
- Vaccination (childhood, booster, yearly, etc)
- Social History (alcohol, smoking, illicit substances, occupation, living situation)
- Family history (who, age, what, status)
160
Review of System (ROS)
Subjective
Reviewing positive or negative response surrounding current CC or HPI
EX: general, neuro, head/ears/nose/throat, repository, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, musculoskeletal, skin
161
Vital signs
Heart rate, blood pressure, temperature, oxygen, respiratory rate
162
Hypothermia
Low temperature <35C
162
Temperature
37C
98.6F
Rectum or urethra most accurate
Least is armpit
163
Hyperthermia
High temperature > 38
164
Normothermia
normal temperature
165
Heart rate
60 - 100 bmp
166
Tachycardia
fast heart rate > 100bmp
167
Bradycardia
slow heart rate < 60bmp
168
Arrhythmia/dysrhythmia
condition of abnormal heart rhythm
169
Blood pressure
SBP: 100-140
DBP: 60-90
MAP > 65
170
Hypotension
Low blood pressure <100/60
171
Hypertension
High blood pressure > 140/90`
172
Normotensive
regular blood pressure
173
MAP
mean arterial pressure
(2* SBP + DBP) / 3
174
Respiratory rate
12-20
175
pnea, spir/o
breathing
176
tachpneic/tachypnea
rapid breathing >20
177
brachypneic'brachypnea
slow breathing < 12
178
hypoventilation
too little ventilating
179
hyperventilation
too much ventilating
180
apnea
lack of breathing
181
oxygenation
> 94%
89-92 tolerable for chronic lung diseases
182
oxia, ox/o
oxygen
183
hypoxia
low difficent oxygen in tissues
184
hypoxemia
low oxygen in blood
185
anoxia
without oxygen
186
Physical examination
- inspection
- palpation
- percussion
- Auscultation
GCS: neuro
187
Inspection
Patient coming in, observation
- mental status
-general appearance
- posture
- skin color/deformities
- body language
- gait
188
Palpation
sense to touch to examine patient
- finger
Used for
- location of organs/structure/tissues
- size
- texture
- temperature
- tenderness
189
Percussion
use fingers to tap a portion of the body
- examine fluid or air
190
Auscultation
listening to sounds of the body
- heart
- blood vessels
- lungs/airway
- abdomen/bowels
191
Enophthalmos
eyes sunken inward
192
Exophthalmos
eyes protruding out
