Chapter 1& 2 Flashcards
Information System
Information systems exist to support all aspects of business organizations
An information system is a set of interrelated components that collect, process, store, and provide as output the information needed to complete business tasks.
Difference between Systems Analysis and Design
Systems Analysis - what is Required for the new system to solve the problem
Systems Design - How the system will opertae to solve the problem
7 Steps for Systems Analysis and Design
Understand the need (business need).
Capture the vision.
Define a solution.
Communicate the vision and the solution.
Build the solution or direct others in building the solution.
Confirm that the solution meets the need.
Launch the solution application.
What is the The System Development Life Cycle (SDLC)
Initial development of an information system is usually done as a project
A project management framework is needed to guide and coordinate the work of the project team.
SDLC is a framework that identifies all the activities required to research, build, deploy, and often maintain an information system.
What are the 6 Core Processes of the SDLC
1-identify the problem and optain approval
2-plan and menotor the project
3-discover and inderstand details
4-design sys comp
5-build,testand integrate sys comp
6-complete sys test and deploy the sol
What is Agile Development
An information system development process – it emphasizes flexibility and rapid response to anticipate new and changing requirements during development
The project plan and the execution of the project must be responsive to unanticipated issues
What is Iterative Development
An approach to system development in which the system is “grown” piece by piece through multiple mini projects called iterations
Core components are developed first and then additional components are added.
It is called iterative because the six core development processes are repeated for each component.
What are the Advantages of Iterative Development
Portions of the system can sometimes be deployed sooner
By taking a small portion and developing it first, the most difficult problems can be identified and addressed early in the project.
By focusing on only a small portion at a time, the requirements are fewer and easier to solve
Developing a system in iterations makes the entire development process more flexible and able to address new requirements and issues that come up throughout the project.
What is the Work Breakdown Structure
breaks down a project deliverables into sub-deliverables
These can be represented hierarchically (in levels)
It provides a visual representation of the project and outlines key dependencies
What is Systems Analysis and Design
Systems analysis is about understanding the business and its goals and strategies, defining requirements for information systems that support those goals and strategies, and supporting the business.
Systems design is the process of specifying in detail how the many components of the information system should be physically implemented.
Who is a Systems Analyst?
A** business professional** who requires extensive technical, business, and people knowledge and skills and uses** analysis and design** techniques to solve business problems by using** information technology.**
Define a System
a collection of interrelated components that function together to achieve some outcome
Define Subsystem
a system that is part of a larger system
Information Systems and Subsystems
Functional decomposition
– dividing a system into components based on subsystems that are further divided into smaller subsystems
Information Systems and Subsystems
System boundary
the separation between a system and its environment that inputs and outputs must cross
Types of Information Systems
Customer relationship management (CRM) system
a system that supports marketing, sales, and service operations involving direct and indirect customer interaction
retail company to manage their customer interactions.
Types of Information Systems
Supply chain management (SCM) system
– a system that easily connects product development, product sourcing, manufacturing, and inventory management
like Apple. The SCM system helps Apple coordinate product development, sourcing components from suppliers, managing the manufacturing process, and keeping track of inventory levels. This integration ensures that the latest iPhones are developed efficiently, sourced from the best suppliers, manufactured on time, and available in stores when customers want to buy them.
Types of Information Systems
Accounting and financial management (AFM) system
– a system that records accounting information needed to produce financial statements and other reports used by investors and creditors
like Microsoft. The AFM system helps Microsoft record all financial transactions, manage accounts payable and receivable, and generate financial statements.
Human resource management (HRM) system
a system that supports such employee-related tasks as payroll, benefits, hiring, and training
like Google uses an HRM system to manage its employee records, process payroll, administer benefits, track training programs, and streamline the hiring process
Manufacturing management system
a system that controls internal production processes that turn raw materials into finished goods
like Toyota uses a Manufacturing Management System to oversee its assembly lines.
Knowledge management system (KMS)
a system that supports the storage of and access to documents from all parts of the organization
Collaboration support system (CSS)
a system that enables geographically distributed personnel to collaborate on projects and tasks
Business intelligence system
a system that supports strategic planning and executive decision making
Enterprise resource planning (ERP)
a process in which an organization commits to using an integrated set of software packages for key information systems
