Chapter 1 Flashcards
Beringa
Land bridge used by Asians to migrate (move) across to North America during the Ice Age
Why did people did people search out new lands?
They were in search of food sources
Describe the hunter-gather lifestyle
- lived a nomadic life-style (no permanent home)
- followed food sources
- hunted food
- gathered food from wild
What sophisticated societies existed in Mesoamerica?
Olmec
Maya
Aztec
What happened when civilizations became more established?
shifted away from being nomadic
developed agricultural ways of life
What is maize?
corn
Define civilization.
- highly organized society
* marked by trade, government, arts, science, and often written language
What caused the differences among the different Native American groups?
- location
* environment
What caused the differences in the housing of the different Native American groups?
environment
Name some examples of Native American Art
- clothing *containers *jewelry
* pottery/baskets *dolls *sand paintings
Describe the the Native American’s religious beliefs in general terms.
- believed in many gods/spirits
- Gods showed themselves as parts of nature (i.e. animals, Sun, Moon)
- Worship of the Great Spirit was key to their beliefs
Describe animism
based on the religious idea that the universe and all natural objects have souls or spirits
What did Europeans want form Africa, the Middle East, and Asia after the Crusades?
- Gold
- Silk
- Spices
Renaissance means _______________.
re-birth
What happened during the Renaissance to help exploration?
advances in technology
What are some reasons people explored the new world?
- sources of wealth for monarchs to tax
- revenue for trade
- expanding empires (Portugal, Spain, England, France)
Define astrolabe
- used the position of the sun for navigation
- showed latitude and local time
Define lateen sails
allowed ships to sail against the wind
Define Portuguese caravel
- a small boat created for trade
* could carry large loads and take the ship into shallow waters making trade easier
Define Conquistadors
explorers from Spain
*Often mistreated Native Americans
What motivated Spain to explore?
The 3 G’s
- God (spread Catholicism)
- Gold
- Glory
Describe the lifestyle of french fur trappers
- Lived with Native Americans
- Traded with Native Americans
- Learned about trapping from Native Americans
- Learned native languages and customs
- Married Native American women
Who was Amerigo Vespucci?
- When he arrived in the Americas, he thought he was in India so he call the native inhabitants “Indians”
- Named the land “The Americas” after himself
Who was Christopher Columbus?
- crossed the Atlantic in 1492
* was trying to reach Asia but reached America instead
