Chapter 1-4 Body Organization/Homeostasis

Question 1

What is the body organization?

Answer 1

Atom, Molecule, cells, tissues, organs, organ system, organism

Question 2

What is an Organ system?

Answer 2

A group of organs working together to perform a particular function

Question 3

What is an Organism?

Answer 3

Any living thing

Question 4

What is an Organ?

Answer 4

A group of different tissues that work together to perform a certain function.

Question 5

What is a cell?

Answer 5

The basic unit of all living things

Question 6

What is a Tissue?

Answer 6

A group of cells that act together to perform a specific function.

Question 7

What is an atom?

Answer 7

Smallest particle of an element

Question 8

What is a Molecule?

Answer 8

A group of atoms bonded together

Question 9

What are the types of Tissues?

Answer 9

nervous, muscle, connective, epithelial

Question 10

What are epithelial tissues?

Answer 10

layers of cells that cover internal and external surfaces
* forms membranes
* glands

Question 11

What are the types of epithelial tissues?

Answer 11

squamous, cuboidal, columnar

Question 12

What is connective tissue?

Answer 12

Cells that are widely spaced in a matrix that bind, partitions, protection, and support the matrix

Question 13

types of connective tissue

Answer 13

Under Epithelium, Adipose, Tendon, Bone, Blood

Question 14

What are organelles?

Answer 14

any of a number of organized or specialized structures within a living cell.

Question 15

What is the mitochondria?

Answer 15

power house of the cell and produces and supplies the cell with energy

Question 16

What is the plasma membrane?

Answer 16

the membrane found in all cells that separates the interior of the cell from the outside environment

Question 17

What is a lipid bilayer?

Answer 17

2 layers of phospholipids ( hydrophobic and hydrophillic)

Question 18

What is Cytosol?

Answer 18

Fluid portion of cytoplasm

Question 19

What is the Nucleus?

Answer 19

Control center of the cell (DNA)

Question 20

What is a Lysosome?

Answer 20

helps degrade mis-made items or other things in a cell

Question 21

What are Secretory Vesicles?

Answer 21

The golgi apparatus packages processed materials into vesicles of membrane, which then fuse with the cell’s plasma membrane and releases the contents.

Question 22

What are protein channels?

Answer 22

proteins that are embedded in the lipid bilayer that help things pass through the membrane

Question 23

What are cell receptors?

Answer 23

Proteins which identify a cell as a target cell for a hormone

Question 24

What is the Central Dogma?

Answer 24

DNA-transcription-RNA-translation-protein

Question 25

What is transcription?

Answer 25

The process of making RNA from DNA

Question 26

What is translation?

Answer 26

the decoding of an mRNA message into a protein

Question 27

What is Homeostasis?

Answer 27

Maintaining a stable internal environment

Question 28

What is a Negative Feedback Loop?

Answer 28

A negative feedback loop is a system where the output may signal the system to stop changing. return to a set point

Question 29

What is a Positive Feedback Loop?

Answer 29

once it is stimulated, it just keeps going (think oxytocin to induce labor)

Question 30

What are the steps of a negative feedback loop?

Answer 30

stimulus, receptor, input, control center, output, effector, response

Question 31

What is Skeletal Muscle?

Answer 31

long multinucleate, parallel cells w/ striations Pull on bones and skins as contract

Question 32

What is Cardiac Muscle?

Answer 32

Cells divide and converse, striated with intercalated discs, 1 nuclei Only in the heart (Involuntary)

Question 33

What is Smooth Muscle?

Answer 33

Short tapered cells with no striations, uninucleate, (Involuntary)

Question 34

What is a squamous cell?

Answer 34

A cell that is flat and the nucleus is near the upper surface.

Question 35

What is a Cuboidal Cell?

Answer 35

A cell that is cube-shaped with a central, round nucleus.

Question 36

What is a Columnar Cell?

Answer 36

A cell that is tall with an oval nucleus near the basement membrane.

Question 37

What does simple mean?

Answer 37

one layer

Question 38

What does stratified mean?

Answer 38

multiple layers

Question 39

What does pseudostratified mean?

Answer 39

false stratified; all cells touch basement membrane