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Z-Technical Skills Integration > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What does OAML stand for and what is its purpose?

A

Ontario Association of Medical Laboratories

Works with government to represent medical lab field and assist in forming legislations, health programs, policies, etc

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2
Q

What does OSMT stand for and what is its purpose?

A

Ontario Society of Medical Technologists

Ontario version of CSMLS. Con Ed, certification, and professional image for MLTs

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3
Q

What does CSMLS stand for and what is its purpose?

A

Canadian Society for Medical Laboratory Scientists

National certification, con Ed, set professional medical laboratory standards

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4
Q

what does CLSI stand for and what is its purpose?

A

Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute

Global institute- 4000 world ahealth care organizations & governing bodies

Set global standards and guidelines for all testing and procurement procedures.

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5
Q

What is proficiency testing?

A

Evaluates quality of laboratory performance based on accuracy, precision, and speed in testing of control samples sent out to labs

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6
Q

what does OLA stand for and what is its purpose?

A

Ontario Laboratory Accreditation

Operate under the OMA and MOHLTC to certify laboratories to be allowed to test.

5 year, 2 year, or withdrawal of accreditation

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7
Q

What does IQMH stand for and what is its purpose?

A

Institute for Quality Management in Healthcare

Responsible for quality of laboratory services

Accreditation- 5 year cycle
Proficiency Testing- slides sent out for assessment
Education- con Ed

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8
Q

What does PHIPA stand for and what is its purpose?

A

Personal Health Information Safety Act

Protecting individual health care information

Defines rules for A) collection of info
B)sharing of info
C) use of info

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9
Q

what does PIPEDA stand for and what is its purpose?

A

Personal Information Protection for Electronic Documents Act

Oversees facilitation of confidentiality and protection of personal health info.

Handles complaints of violations

Ensures compliance through audits and is overseen by the privacy commissioner of Canada

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10
Q

What is the order of the laboratory hierarchy?

A 
Laboratory/ Medical director
Laboratory manager 
laboratory Supervisor(also reports to director) 
Laboratory senior 
MLT
MLA /T
clerical
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11
Q

What is the role of laboratory pathologists?

A

Pathologists oversee lab tests and consult (physicians clinical)

Also anatomical pathology which includes biopsies and histology, etc

Each lab discipline must have at least 1 pathologist (directly below medical director)

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12
Q

What do Laboratory seniors do?

A

Scheduling, quality controls analysis

Technical inquiries

Performs small amounts of testing daily

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13
Q

What so laboratory supervisors do?

A

Technical inquiries

Supervises tests and lab personnel

May do tests in small labs

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14
Q

What do laboratory managers do?

A

Oversee budgets and labs

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15
Q

What do medical directors do?

A

Oversee administrative aspects of technical and scientific operations.

Supervise and report test results

Endures legal requirements are met

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16
Q

What are rules for storing chemicals in laboratories?

A

Only keep/store what is needed

Keep complete inventory of supplies

Keep away from sunlight and heat

Store liquids below eye level

Shelves should have lips and large containers should be placed on lower shelves

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17
Q

What are some rules for handling chemical waste in a lab?

A

Chem. Waste must be inventoried and stored the same as normal waste

Must be disposed of by licensed company (Detox)

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18
Q

What is Class F of WHMIS and what are some precautions to take when handing them?

A

Dangerously reactive materials

Unstable and at react to jarring, compression, heat, etc

May produce gasses or explode when mixed

Store away from any factors that may cause reaction

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19
Q

What substances are class E and what are some rules for handling them?

A

Corrosive materials

Can erode metals and burn body tissues

Are oxidizers and are therefore incompatible with flammable materials

Do not store in fridge, and always use in fume hood

May react to produce heat and gasses

Store acids and bases separately

Use acid resistant safety cabinet and use the most dilute solutions possible

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20
Q

What are class D materials and what are some general use rules?

A

Poisonous and infectious materials

Use bio safety cabinets for dangerous substances

d1- immediate effect
D2- long term effects
D3- biohazardous

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21
Q

What are class c materials and how should they be handled?

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A

Oxidizing materials

Use in solutions, not dry form

22
Q

What are class b substances and what precautions should be taken?

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A

Flammable and combustible material

B1- flammable gas
B2- flammable liquid
B3- combustible liquid
b4-flammable solid 
B5- flammable aerosol
B6-reactive flammable material

Stored in flammable cabinets

Small amounts kept in safety hoods

Contents and location of class b must be labelled on a map

23
Q

What is a class a substance?

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A

Compressed gas

Upright and secured,
No dragging
Open valves slowly & check for leaks

24
Q

Workplace labels must include what?

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A

Name of material, reference to MSDS, and safety directions.

25
What do supplier labels need to have?
``` Product name Supplier name Hazard symbol Risk phrases Precautionary statements First aid info Reference to MSDS ```
26
What are some droplet precautions?
Visitors log Private room if possible, if not, 3ft clearance Surgical mask when within 3 ft
27
What are some contact precautions?
Visitors log Gloves and gown (worn entering, removed before exiting) Wash hands after removing gloves Dedicate set of equipment for patient
28
What are some airborne precautions?
Visitors log Negative pressure room N95 respirator
29
What does OHSA stand for and what do they do?
Ontario Health and Safety Act Responsible for health and safety in Ontario workplaces JHSC Spontaneous inspections performed by ministry of labour
30
What is a flammable liquid?
A liquid with a flash point of less that 22 C
31
What is a combustible liquid?
Flash point greater than 22 C
32
What is volatile liquid?
A liquid that evaporates quickly
33
Should even small amounts of class B be kept under fume hoods?
Yes
34
What should HCL never be store with?
Nitric acid. Creates chlorine gas.
35
How long are MSDS sheets good for?
3 years
36
Name 4 types of disinfectants
Alcohol (70%- phlebotomy) Glutaraldehyde- good for metal Bleach- most common. Corrosive to metals. Usually 1%. Phenols- variety available
37
What is decontamination and what are the different types?
Removal of microorganisms. For reuse or disposal. Sterilization- all microorganisms + spores. Autoclave, incineration, chemical disinfectants Disinfection- microorganisms but not spores. used for phlebotomy autoclave, chemical disinfectants
38
What are a patients rights?
Right to refuse treatment Right to be treated with dignity and respect Right to confidentiality Right to know what you're about to do and why
39
What are some traits that display good ethics as a HCP?
Integrity Honesty Organization Professionalism- how well do you know your profession - dedication to continued education - sharing info with colleagues relevant to improved practice
40
When are signs necessary in the laboratory?
Emergency info sign on entry door with emergency phone # Radioactive and chemical hazard signs on relevant hazards No smoking, eating drinking, etc Location of fire blanket, safety shower, extinguisher, etc clearly marked
41
What are some administrative and engineering precautions that can be taken in the lab?
Lab should not be overcrowded Lab should be made of impervious materials Written decontamination, disinfection, and sterilization protocols should be developed - OHSA requires written protocols to be developed
42
What are the 4 main components of WHMIS?
Hazard identification Labelling MSDS sheets Worker training - under OHSA. Ministry of labour conducts inspections and enforces. - applies to all workplaces with controlled substances
43
What does LSCCLA stand for and what is its purpose?
laboratory and Specimen Collection Centre Licensing Act (Ontario) Issues licenses defining exactly what testing may be done at what site and defines who can order. - qualified practitioner in Ontario - dentists (limited) - midwives (limited) - nurse practitioner (limited) - health professionals outside of Ontario if lawful. - insurance companies Also defines to who results can be shared - directly to person who ordered test unless with written consent - 'report must include -name of lab that received specimen - name and address of lab that performed testing
44
What kinds of results must be reported?
Communicable finding must be reported to Medical Officer within 24hrs. In area of testing In area where specimen was taken
45
What does MOHLTC stand for and what is its purpose?
Ministry of Health and Long Term Care Responsible for all health care services in Ontario ``` Health insurance Long term care Assistive devices Drug benefits Home care Community/public health Health promotion + disease prevention ``` Also regulates hospitals, nursing homes, medical laboratories, psychiatric hospitals and emergency health services
46
What does CHA stand for and what is its purpose?
Canadian health act Determines criteria & conditions for Medicare at provincial level (must meet min requirements)
47
What does RHPA stand for and what is its purpose?
Regulated Health Professions Act Regulates 23 health professions Protects public from harm Makes health professionals answerable to the public Promotion of quality in HCP Allows patients to choose HCP
48
Who carries out the RHPA?
MOHLTC Regulatory colleges (CMLTO) health professions appeal and review board Regulatory advisory council
49
What is the CMLTO?
College of medical laboratory technologists of Ontario Carries out RHPA Self regulated- 50% elected 50% appointed Protects publics right to health care that is safe, effective, and ethical
50
Categories of hazards are?
Chemical Biological Psychological Ergonomic Physical
51
What organization is responsible for quality assessment in Ontario?
QMPLS Quality Management Program- Lab Services

Z-Technical Skills Integration (5 decks)

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