Chapter 1 Flashcards
(30 cards)
What is Operations Management?
management of an organizations productive resources or its production system.
What is a Production System?
takes inputs and converts them into outputs
What is the conversion process?
the heart of what is called operations or production and is the predominant activity of a production system
Primary concern of an operations manager?
primary concern is with the activities of the conversion process or production
Role of Purchasing Planner/Buyer
buys products or services to support operations. Responsible for supplier performance
Role of Production Supervisor
supervises employees as products or services are produced. Responsible for cost, quality, and schedule performance
Role of Production Controller
authorizes production of orders, develops production schedules and plans, and expedites orders. Responsible for meeting customer due dates and efficient shop loading
Role of Production Analyst
analyzes production problems, develops forecasts, plans for new products, and carries out other special projects
Role of Inventory Analyst
oversees all aspects of inventories. Responsible for inventory levels, audits, record accuracy, authorizing orders and expediting
Role of Quality Specialist
oversees acceptance sampling, process control, and quality management. Responsible for product quality from supplies and from production
What was developed in 1700’s in England?
Industrial Revolution. The substitution of machine power for human and water power.
What is the specialization of labor?
broke production of products into small, specialized tasks that were assigned to works along production lines
Who developed the concept of Interchangeable Parts?
American, Eli Whitney, in 1790.
What was the purpose of Interchangeable Parts?
parts that were produced in order to fit right the first time.
What was the Cottage System?
production of products that took place in homes or cottages where craftsmen directed apprentices in performing handwork
What happened in the mid 1800’s
old cottage system had been replaced by the factory system
What occurred Post Civil War
great expansion of production capacity occurred. Increased capital and production capacity, expanded workforce, new Western US markets, effective national transportation system.
Who is the father of Scientific Management?
Frederick Taylor
What was Taylor’s Shop System?
- Assessed each worker’s skill, strength, and learning ability.
- Stopwatch studies used to precisely set standard output per worker on each tasks.
- Instruction cards, routing sequences, and materials specifications were used to coordinate and organize the shop so work flow could be standardized and labor output standards be met.
- Supervisors were carefully selected and trained.
- Incentive pay systems were initiated to increase efficiency and to relieve foremen of driving workers.
What were Behavioralists able to accomplish?
thanks to their efforts there came a gradual change in the way managers thought about and treated workers.
What is Operations Research?
seeks to replace intuitive decision making for large complex problems with an approach that identifies the optimal alternative through analysis.
Process of Operations as a System
receives inputs, then changed in a conversion subsystem, then to what are called outputs, which is then monitored in the control subsystem to determine if its acceptable.
What are External Inputs
Legal, Social, Technological
What are Market Inputs
Competition, Customer Desires, Product Information
