Chapter 1

Question 1

Homogeneous mixture

Answer 1

Uniform throughout

Ex.
Air, sugar water

Also called solutions

Question 2

Heterogeneous mixture

Answer 2

Different throughout

Ex.
Soil, cereal

Question 3

Impure substance

Answer 3

When one substance in a mixture is preponderant, far exceeds the amount of the other substances in a mixture, the lesser substances are referred to as impurities.

Question 4

Decantation

Answer 4

Separating a liquid from a solid through gently pouring the liquid from the solid so as not to disturb the solid.

Question 5

Extraction

Answer 5

Separation of a substance from a mixture by preferentially dissolving that substance in a suitable solvent. Soluble substance separated from insoluble

Question 6

Sublimation

Answer 6

Process of a solid passing directly to the gaseous state

Question 7

Mega

Answer 7

M

10^6

Question 8

Kilo

Answer 8

k

10^3

Question 9

Deci

Answer 9

d

10^-1

Question 10

Centi

Answer 10

c

10^-2

Question 11

Milli

Answer 11

m

10^-3

Question 12

Micro

Answer 12

u^b

10^-6

Question 13

Nano

Answer 13

n

10^-9

Question 14

Pico

Answer 14

p

10^-12

Question 15

Femto

Answer 15

f

10^-15

Question 16

Physical Change

Answer 16

substance changes it’s physical appearance but not its composition

Question 17

Chemistry

Answer 17

the study of matter and the changes that matter undergoes.

Question 18

Earths crust

Answer 18

49. 5% Oxygen
50. 7% Silicon
51. 5% Aluminum
52. 7% Iron
53. 4% Calcium
54. 2% Other

Question 19

Human Body Composition

Answer 19

65% Oxygen
18% Carbon
10% Hydrogen
7% Other

Question 20

If a Homogeneous substance does not have a variable composition:

Answer 20

Pure Substance:

• Compound
• Element

Question 21

If a homogeneous mixture has a variable composition:

Answer 21

Homogeneous mixture

i.e. solution

Question 22

6 Physical Properties

Answer 22

• color
• odor
• density
• melting point
• boiling point
• hardness

Question 23

Chemical properties

Answer 23

describe the way a substance may change, or react, to form other substances.

Question 24

intensive properties

Answer 24

do not depend on the amount of sample being examined

ex. density, melting point, etc.

Question 25

Extensive properties

Answer 25

Depend on the amount of sample | ex. mass, volume, etc.

Question 26

SI units

Answer 26

``` 1960 established international agreement specifying a particular choice of metric units for use in scientific measurements. Mass Kilogram(kg) Length Meter(m) Time Second(s or sec) Temperature Kelvin(K) Amount of a substance Mole(mol) Electric current Ampere(A or amp) Luminous intensity Candela(cd) ```

Question 27

Degrees Kelvin = How many degrees Celsius

Answer 27

273.15

Question 28

Celsius to Fahrenheit

Answer 28

F=9/5(C)+32

Question 29

Fahrenheit to Celsius

Answer 29

C=5/9(F-32)