Flashcards in Chapter 1 Deck (28)
Loading flashcards...
1
Neuroscience
Study of the nervous systeme
2
Human behavior
Product of brain activity
3
Exons
coding DNA sequences
4
Promoters/introns
Regulatory sequences
5
Reticular theory
A continuous directly interconnected nerve cell network or reticulum.- Camillo Golgi
6
Neuron doctrine
Nerve cells communicate with each-other by means of (synapses) )specialized contacts that are not sites of continuity between cells.- Cajal and Sherrington
7
Neurons
-Specialized for electrical signaling over long distances
-process information
-Sense environmental changes
-communicate changes to other neurons
-command body response
-intercellular communication via synapses
8
Glia
-Support the signaling functions of neurons
-insulate and nourish neurons
-Essential for repairing nervous system damage
-do not participate directly in synaptic interactions and electrical signaling
9
Postsynaptric
Receive signals from the presynaptic axon terminals
10
Resting membrane potential
-60mV sometimes -70mV depending on cell
11
Inside cell
more negative
12
Action potential
+60 mV or positive in general. lets sodium in. all or nothing event
13
hypolarization
more negative than before
14
sensory systems
Represent information about the state of the organism and its environment
15
Motor systems
Organize and generate actions
16
Associational systems
link sensory and motor sides of the nervous system
17
"higher-order" functions
perception, attention, cognition, emotions, rational thinking, other complex brain functions.
18
Proteins in neurons
Actin, tubulin, and myosin
19
Dedrites
primary targets for synaptic input from other neurons and are distinguished by high content of ribosomes as well as specific cytoskeletal proteins
20
short neurons
Local circuit neurons, interneurons
21
Action Potential
Self-regenerating wave of electrical activity that propagate from its point of initiation at the cell body.
22
Axon hillock
Point of initiation of action potential
23
Voltage-gated Cl- channels
similar to hyperpolarization when potassium leaves the cell. However they act as the modulators for the electrical signaling before action potential
24
Myelin
Has effects on speed of electrical signals
25
Neuropil
region between nerve cell bodies where most synaptic connectivity occurs
26
Afferent neurons
Nerve cells that carry information toward the brain or spinal cord
27
Efferent neurons
Nerve cells that carry information away from them brain or spinal cord
28
