Chapter 1 Flashcards
(56 cards)
Development
Can be defined as systematic changes and continuities in the individual that occur between conception and death, or from “womb to tomb”
Growth
The physical changes that occur from conception to maturity
Biological aging
Is the deterioration of organisms (including humans) that leads inevitably to death
Depression
Low self esteem in adolescents can lead to depression
Aging
Involves more than biological aging; it refers to a range of physical, cognitive, and psychosocial changes, positive and negative in the mature organism
Emerging adulthood
A transitional period between adolescence and full-fledge adulthood that extends from about the age 18 to age 25( maybe as late as 29)
Age grade
Each socially defined age group in a society.
Rite of passage
Is a ritual that marks a Person’s passage from one status to another, usually in reference to the transition from childhood to adulthood.
Age norms
Expectations are society’s way of telling people how to act their age
Social clock
A persons sense when things should be done and when he or she is ahead of behind the schedule dictated by age norms
Ethnicity
People’s classification or affiliation with a group based on common heritage or traditions
Socioeconomic status (SES)
Standing in society based on such indicators as occupational prestige, education, and income
Adolescence
The transitional period between childhood and adulthood that begins with puberty and involves significant physical, cognitive, and psychosocial changes -recognized as a distinct phase of the life span
Life expectancy
For a newborn in the United States-the average number of years a newborn who is born now is expected to live -is 78 years, compared with 47 years in 1900
Nature-nurture issue
The questioned how biological forces and environmental act and interact to make us what we are
Maturation
The biological unfolding of the individual according to a blueprint contained in the genes
Genes
The hereditary material passed from the parents to child at conception
Environment
All the external physical and social conditions, stimuli, and events that can affect us, from crowded living quarters and polluted air, to social interactions with family members , peers, and teachers, to the neighborhood and broader cultural context it which we develop.
Learning
The process through which experience brings about relatively permanent changes in thoughts, feelings, or behavior.
Evidence-based practice
Grounding what they do in research and ensuring that the curricula and treatments they provide have been demonstrated to be effective
Storm and stress
A tempestuous period of the life span, a time of emotional ups and downs and rapid changes during the time of adolescence
Gerontology
The study of aging and old age
Life-span perspective
Seven key assumptions by Paul bales
- development is a lifelong process
- development is multidirectional
- development involves both gain and loss
- development is characterized by life long plasticity
- development is shaped by its historical-cultural context
- development is multiply influenced
- development must be studied by. Multiple disciplines
Plasticity
Refers to the capacity to change in response to experience, whether positive or negative
