Chapter 1

Question 1

4 Theoretical Frameworks in Psychology

Answer 1

Structuralism

Functionalism

Behaviorism

Humanistic

Psychoanalytic

Question 2

7 key themes of psychology

Answer 2

Themes related to psychology as a field of study:
1. Psychology is empirical.
2. Psychology is theoretically diverse.
3. Psychology evolves in a sociohistorical context.
u Themes related to psychology’s subject matter:
4. Behaviour is determined by multiple causes.
5. Behaviour is shaped by cultural heritage.
6. Behaviour is influenced jointly by heredity and environment.
7. Finally, people’s experience of the world is highly subjective.

Question 3

SIGNS OF PSEUDOSCIENCE

Answer 3

Exaggerated claims: Lose 10 pounds in a week!

Overreliance on anecdotes: “I know a person
who…”

Absence of connectivity to other research:
contradicts existing research

Absence of peer review & replication: no
external, objective evaluation from experts.

Lack of self-correction: proponents stubbornly
refuse to change views

Use of psychobabble or jargon: use of
“sciency” sounding (but meaningless) words
designed to portray authority

Talk of “proof” instead of evidence: real
science doesn’t speak of proving things, just of
associations and strong evidence.