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CNT 129 > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Computer system

A

combination of all the components required to process and store data using a computer.

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2
Q

Hardware

A

Collection of physical devices that comprise a computer system.

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3
Q

Software

A

consists of the programs that tell the computer what to do.

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4
Q

Programs

A

Sets of instructions for a computer

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5
Q

programming

A

the act of developing and writing programs

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6
Q

application software

A

comprises all the programs you apply to a task

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7
Q

app

A

a piece of application software. the term is frequently used for applications on mobile devices.

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8
Q

system software

A

comprises the programs that you use to manage your computer

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9
Q

input

A

describes the entry of data items into computer memory using hardware devices such as keyboards and mice.

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10
Q

data items

A

include all the text, numbers, and other information processed by a computer

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11
Q

processing

A

data items may involve organizing them, checking them for accuracy, or performing mathematical operations on the.,

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12
Q

central processing unit (CPU)

A

computer hardware component that processes data.

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13
Q

output

A

describes the operation of retrieving information from memory and sending it to a device… so people can view and work with the results.

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14
Q

information

A

processed data.

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15
Q

storage devices

A

types of hardware equipment, such as disks, that hold information for later retrieval

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16
Q

cloud

A

refers to remote computers accessed through the internet

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17
Q

programming languages

A

languages like C++ or Java which are used to write programs

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18
Q

program code

A

set of instructions a programmer writes in a programming language.

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19
Q

coding the program

A

act of writing programming language instructions.

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20
Q

syntax

A

the grammar rules of a language

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21
Q

syntax error

A

errors in language or grammar

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22
Q

computer memory

A

the temporary, internal storage within a computer.

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23
Q

random access memory (RAM)

A

temporary, internal computer storage.

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24
Q

volatile (with respect to storage)

A

describes storage whose contents are lost when power is lost.

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25
Q

Nonvolatile (with respect to storage)

A

describes storage whose contents are lost when power is lost.

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26
Q

machine language

A

a computers on/off circuitry language.

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27
Q

source code

A

set of statements a programmer writes in a programming language.

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28
Q

object code

A

the set of machine language statements that have been translated from source code.

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29
Q

compiler (or interpreter)

A

translates a high-level language into machine language and indicates if you have used a programming language incorrectly.

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30
Q

binary language

A

represented using a series of 0s and 1s

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31
Q

to run or execute a program is to….

A

carry out its instructions.

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32
Q

scripting languages

A

python, lua, perl, PHP. used to write programs that are typed directly from a keyboard. they are stored as text rather than as binary executable files.

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33
Q

logic of a computer program is…

A

the complete sequence of instructions that lead to a problem’s solution

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34
Q

logical errors occur when….

A

incorrect instructions are performed, or when instructions are performed in the wrong order.

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35
Q

variable

A

named memory location that can hold different values at different points in time.

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36
Q

program development cycle

A

consists of the steps that occur during a program’s lifetime.

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37
Q

users (or end users) are…

A

people who employ and benefit from computer programs.

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38
Q

documentations

A

consists of all the supporting paperwork for a program.

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39
Q

algorithm

A

the sequence of steps necessary to solve any problem.

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40
Q

desk-checking

A

the process of walking through a program solution on paper.

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41
Q

high level programming language

A

supports English like syntax

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42
Q

low level machine language

A

made up of 1s and 0s and does not use easily interpreted variable names.

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43
Q

debugging

A

the process of finding and correcting program errors.

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44
Q

conversion

A

the entire set of actions an organization must take to switch over to using a new program or set of programs

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45
Q

maintenance

A

consists of all the improvements and corrections made to a program after it is in production

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46
Q

pseudocode

A

English like representation of the logical steps it takes to solve a problem.

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47
Q

flowchart

A

pictorial representation of the logical steps it takes to solve a problem.

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48
Q

input symbol

A

indicates an input operation and is represented by a parallelogram in flowcharts.

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49
Q

processing symbol

A

indicates a processing operation and is represented by a rectangle in flowcharts

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50
Q

output symbol

A

indicates an output operation and is represented by a parallelogram in flowcharts.

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51
Q

I/O symbol

A

represented by parallelogram in flowcharts

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52
Q

flow-lines (arrows)

A

connect the steps in a flowchart

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53
Q

terminal symbol

A

indicates the beginning or end of a flowchart segment and is represented by a lozenge

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54
Q

loop

A

repetition of a series of steps.

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55
Q

infinite loop

A

occurs when repeating logic cannot end

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56
Q

decision symbol

A

shaped like a diamond and used to represent decisions in flowcharts

57
Q

dummy value

A

preselected value that stops the execution of a program.

58
Q

sentinel value

A

preselected value that stops the execution of a program.

59
Q

eof means…

A

end of file.

60
Q

text editor

A

a program that you use to create simple text files. it is similar to a word processor, but without as many features

61
Q

integrated development environment (IDE)

A

software package that provides an editor, compiler, and other programming tools.

62
Q

command line

A

location on your computer screen at which you type text entries to communicate with the computers operating system

63
Q

graphical user interface (GUI)

A

allows users to interact with a program in a graphical environment

64
Q

procedural programming

A

programming model that focuses on procedures or actions as opposed to object oriented programming.

65
Q

object oriented programming

A

programming model that focuses on objects, or “things”, and describes their features (also called attributes) and behaviors, as opposed to procedural programming.

66
Q

Sequential Execution

A

Perform statements, one after another, in the order they are encountered in the script.

67
Q

conditional execution

A

check for certain conditions and then execute or skip a sequence of statements

68
Q

repeated execution

A

perform some set of statements repeatedly, usually with some variation.

69
Q

reuse

A

write a set of instructions once and give them a name and then reuse those instructions as need throughout your program.

70
Q

Reverse

combination of all the components required to process and store data using a computer.

A

Computer system

71
Q

Reverse

Collection of physical devices that comprise a computer system.

A

Hardware

72
Q

Reverse

consists of the programs that tell the computer what to do.

A

Software

73
Q

Reverse

Sets of instructions for a computer

A

Programs

74
Q

Reverse

the act of developing and writing programs

A

programming

75
Q

Reverse

comprises all the programs you apply to a task

A

application software

76
Q

Reverse

a piece of application software. the term is frequently used for applications on mobile devices.

A

app

77
Q

Reverse

comprises the programs that you use to manage your computer

A

system software

78
Q

Reverse

describes the entry of data items into computer memory using hardware devices such as keyboards and mice.

A

input

79
Q

Reverse

include all the text, numbers, and other information processed by a computer

A

data items

80
Q

Reverse

data items may involve organizing them, checking them for accuracy, or performing mathematical operations on the.,

A

processing

81
Q

Reverse

computer hardware component that processes data.

A

central processing unit (CPU)

82
Q

Reverse

describes the operation of retrieving information from memory and sending it to a device… so people can view and work with the results.

A

output

83
Q

Reverse

processed data.

A

information

84
Q

Reverse

types of hardware equipment, such as disks, that hold information for later retrieval

A

storage devices

85
Q

Reverse

refers to remote computers accessed through the internet

A

cloud

86
Q

Reverse

languages like C++ or Java which are used to write programs

A

programming languages

87
Q

Reverse

set of instructions a programmer writes in a programming language.

A

program code

88
Q

Reverse

act of writing programming language instructions.

A

coding the program

89
Q

Reverse

the grammar rules of a language

A

syntax

90
Q

Reverse

errors in language or grammar

A

syntax error

91
Q

Reverse

the temporary, internal storage within a computer.

A

computer memory

92
Q

Reverse

temporary, internal computer storage.

A

random access memory (RAM)

93
Q

Reverse

describes storage whose contents are lost when power is lost.

A

volatile (with respect to storage)

94
Q

Reverse

describes storage whose contents are lost when power is lost.

A

Nonvolatile (with respect to storage)

95
Q

Reverse

a computers on/off circuitry language.

A

machine language

96
Q

Reverse

set of statements a programmer writes in a programming language.

A

source code

97
Q

Reverse

the set of machine language statements that have been translated from source code.

A

object code

98
Q

Reverse

translates a high-level language into machine language and indicates if you have used a programming language incorrectly.

A

compiler (or interpreter)

99
Q

Reverse

represented using a series of 0s and 1s

A

binary language

100
Q

Reverse

carry out its instructions.

A

to run or execute a program is to….

101
Q

Reverse

python, lua, perl, PHP. used to write programs that are typed directly from a keyboard. they are stored as text rather than as binary executable files.

A

scripting languages

102
Q

Reverse

the complete sequence of instructions that lead to a problem’s solution

A

logic of a computer program is…

103
Q

Reverse

incorrect instructions are performed, or when instructions are performed in the wrong order.

A

logical errors occur when….

104
Q

Reverse

named memory location that can hold different values at different points in time.

A

variable

105
Q

Reverse

consists of the steps that occur during a program’s lifetime.

A

program development cycle

106
Q

Reverse

people who employ and benefit from computer programs.

A

users (or end users) are…

107
Q

Reverse

consists of all the supporting paperwork for a program.

A

documentations

108
Q

Reverse

the sequence of steps necessary to solve any problem.

A

algorithm

109
Q

Reverse

the process of walking through a program solution on paper.

A

desk-checking

110
Q

Reverse

supports English like syntax

A

high level programming language

111
Q

Reverse

made up of 1s and 0s and does not use easily interpreted variable names.

A

low level machine language

112
Q

Reverse

the process of finding and correcting program errors.

A

debugging

113
Q

Reverse

the entire set of actions an organization must take to switch over to using a new program or set of programs

A

conversion

114
Q

Reverse

consists of all the improvements and corrections made to a program after it is in production

A

maintenance

115
Q

Reverse

English like representation of the logical steps it takes to solve a problem.

A

pseudocode

116
Q

Reverse

pictorial representation of the logical steps it takes to solve a problem.

A

flowchart

117
Q

Reverse

indicates an input operation and is represented by a parallelogram in flowcharts.

A

input symbol

118
Q

Reverse

indicates a processing operation and is represented by a rectangle in flowcharts

A

processing symbol

119
Q

Reverse

indicates an output operation and is represented by a parallelogram in flowcharts.

A

output symbol

120
Q

Reverse

represented by parallelogram in flowcharts

A

I/O symbol

121
Q

Reverse

connect the steps in a flowchart

A

flow-lines (arrows)

122
Q

Reverse

indicates the beginning or end of a flowchart segment and is represented by a lozenge

A

terminal symbol

123
Q

Reverse

repetition of a series of steps.

A

loop

124
Q

Reverse

occurs when repeating logic cannot end

A

infinite loop

125
Q

Reverse

shaped like a diamond and used to represent decisions in flowcharts

A

decision symbol

126
Q

Reverse

preselected value that stops the execution of a program.

A

dummy value

127
Q

Reverse

preselected value that stops the execution of a program.

A

sentinel value

128
Q

Reverse

end of file.

A

eof means…

129
Q

Reverse

a program that you use to create simple text files. it is similar to a word processor, but without as many features

A

text editor

130
Q

Reverse

software package that provides an editor, compiler, and other programming tools.

A

integrated development environment (IDE)

131
Q

Reverse

location on your computer screen at which you type text entries to communicate with the computers operating system

A

command line

132
Q

Reverse

allows users to interact with a program in a graphical environment

A

graphical user interface (GUI)

133
Q

Reverse

programming model that focuses on procedures or actions as opposed to object oriented programming.

A

procedural programming

134
Q

Reverse

programming model that focuses on objects, or “things”, and describes their features (also called attributes) and behaviors, as opposed to procedural programming.

A

object oriented programming

135
Q

Reverse

Perform statements, one after another, in the order they are encountered in the script.

A

Sequential Execution

136
Q

Reverse

check for certain conditions and then execute or skip a sequence of statements

A

conditional execution

137
Q

Reverse

perform some set of statements repeatedly, usually with some variation.

A

repeated execution

138
Q

Reverse

write a set of instructions once and give them a name and then reuse those instructions as need throughout your program.

A

reuse

CNT 129 (2 decks)

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