CHAPTER 1 Flashcards
(165 cards)
requires that, an evidence must be presented in order to convict or acquit the suspect
philippine criminal justice system
the legal guiding principle
“no evidence, no case”
photographs must be free from any distortion
true
the general rule in taking crime scene photographs
“take many photographs and select the best”
a latin phrase meaning dark room, first camera
camera obscura
dark room with a small hole in one of the walls that lets light in and project the upside-down images of things outside the room on the opposite wall or on the interior wall opposite the aperture
the image was not sharp because no lenses were attached to the small hole in the wall
camera obscura
the smaller the hole, the sharper the image
true
first to suggest that the camera obscura be used as a guide for drawing
giovanni battista dela porta 1558
in this camera, an inclined mirror behind the lens reflected the image onto a top-mounted viewing screen. all the artist or draftsmen do was to put a piece of tracing paper on top of the viewing screen and trace the outline.
1676, the first “reflect” camera
people realized that certain chemicals turned dark when exposed to light
1676, the first “reflect” camera
discovered that light could be used to alter substances
johann heinrich schulze
silver, chalk, and nitric acid together in a bottle, did the hokey, pokey, and shook it all about. he then exposed the mixture to bright sunlight and found that the mixture darkened to black. to prove that this was a photosensitive reaction as opposed to heat-induced reaction, he repeated the process but exposed the mixture to intense heat. proving his theory, this experiment produced no change in the mixture.
johann heinrich schulze
the first to capture and reproduce lasting images.
joseph nicephore niepce (1765-1833)
compound that hardens when exposed to light, could produce negatives
bitumen of judea
“writing of the sun’’
“heliography”
the earliest photographic image in existence.
1827, a view from a window that required an eight-hour exposure
a forerunner to the earliest photographic process, invented by niepce in 1822. it entails using bitumen, a material that hardens and becomes insoluble in light. he hoped to use this process to transfer images to be printed on a press
heliography
a french inventor, who, after collaborating with niepce, devised the first practicable photographic process.
father of photography.
louis jacques mande daguerre (1787-1851)
an early photographic process using silver coated, light-sensitive metallic plates developed by mercury vapor
daguerreotype
primarily a portrait medium that was executed in a studio, announced in 1839 by daguerre, which consisted of a copper plate coated with silver that was highly polished. the plate was then treated with iodine vapor and became light sensitive. it was then put in a camera and a photograph was taken. after the plate was developed in mercury vapor, which is highly toxic, a distinct photographic image appeared on the polished silver surface.
daguerreotype
can be identified by the polished silver surface, which resembles a mirror, with an image upon it
daguerreotype
produced only one image that could be made from each exposure, since it was positive process; it only yielded one-of-a-kind images.
exposure times were still lengthy, about 30 minutes.
daguerreotype
the inventor of positive-negative photographic process.
william henry fox talbot (1800-1877)
first used a process that produced a negative picture on paper, projecting lights of an image as a dark and darks as lights.
william henry fox talbot (1800-1877)