Flashcards in CHAPTER 1 Deck (165)
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1
requires that, an evidence must be presented in order to convict or acquit the suspect
philippine criminal justice system
2
the legal guiding principle
"no evidence, no case”
3
photographs must be free from any distortion
true
4
the general rule in taking crime scene photographs
“take many photographs and select the best”
5
a latin phrase meaning dark room, first camera
camera obscura
6
dark room with a small hole in one of the walls that lets light in and project the upside-down images of things outside the room on the opposite wall or on the interior wall opposite the aperture
the image was not sharp because no lenses were attached to the small hole in the wall
camera obscura
7
the smaller the hole, the sharper the image
true
8
first to suggest that the camera obscura be used as a guide for drawing
giovanni battista dela porta 1558
9
in this camera, an inclined mirror behind the lens reflected the image onto a top-mounted viewing screen. all the artist or draftsmen do was to put a piece of tracing paper on top of the viewing screen and trace the outline.
1676, the first “reflect” camera
10
people realized that certain chemicals turned dark when exposed to light
1676, the first “reflect” camera
11
discovered that light could be used to alter substances
johann heinrich schulze
12
silver, chalk, and nitric acid together in a bottle, did the hokey, pokey, and shook it all about. he then exposed the mixture to bright sunlight and found that the mixture darkened to black. to prove that this was a photosensitive reaction as opposed to heat-induced reaction, he repeated the process but exposed the mixture to intense heat. proving his theory, this experiment produced no change in the mixture.
johann heinrich schulze
13
the first to capture and reproduce lasting images.
joseph nicephore niepce (1765-1833)
14
compound that hardens when exposed to light, could produce negatives
bitumen of judea
15
“writing of the sun’’
“heliography”
16
the earliest photographic image in existence.
1827, a view from a window that required an eight-hour exposure
17
a forerunner to the earliest photographic process, invented by niepce in 1822. it entails using bitumen, a material that hardens and becomes insoluble in light. he hoped to use this process to transfer images to be printed on a press
heliography
18
a french inventor, who, after collaborating with niepce, devised the first practicable photographic process.
father of photography.
louis jacques mande daguerre (1787-1851)
19
an early photographic process using silver coated, light-sensitive metallic plates developed by mercury vapor
daguerreotype
20
primarily a portrait medium that was executed in a studio, announced in 1839 by daguerre, which consisted of a copper plate coated with silver that was highly polished. the plate was then treated with iodine vapor and became light sensitive. it was then put in a camera and a photograph was taken. after the plate was developed in mercury vapor, which is highly toxic, a distinct photographic image appeared on the polished silver surface.
daguerreotype
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can be identified by the polished silver surface, which resembles a mirror, with an image upon it
daguerreotype
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produced only one image that could be made from each exposure, since it was positive process; it only yielded one-of-a-kind images.
exposure times were still lengthy, about 30 minutes.
daguerreotype
23
the inventor of positive-negative photographic process.
william henry fox talbot (1800-1877)
24
first used a process that produced a negative picture on paper, projecting lights of an image as a dark and darks as lights.
william henry fox talbot (1800-1877)
25
discovered first true modern photography
calotype
father of photography
william henry fox talbot (1800-1877)
26
british astronomer and photographic chemist
frederick william herschel (1792-1871)
27
he discovered that thiosulphate of soda, the chemical now referred as “hypo”, would fix images on photosensitive paper by stopping the chemical action of silver salts
frederick william herschel (1792-1871)
28
noted for his 1819 discovery of thiosulfates and their ability to dissolve silver salts completely, which led, 20 years later, after daguerre and fox talbot claimed invention of photography.
frederick william herschel (1792-1871)
29
coined the word photography, which comes from the greek word meaning “light writing”
frederick william herschel (1792-1871)
30
