Chapter 1 Flashcards
(37 cards)
What does Benedict Anderson mean when he says “imagined community?”
Benedict Anderson is referring to media binding together society with common ideas and understandings of culture.
How does media play on how we experience time?
It provides windows on news and events that are happening in ‘real’ time
How is media a key agent in globalization?
They are the central vehicle for controlling the world economy and the movement of goods/services
Who has better access to internet?
People living in urban centres and have higher income have better access than those living in rural areas or with lower incomes
what was the worlds first mode of electronic communication?
the telegraph in the 1980s
How was the telegraph a key technology in shrinking space through time?
it reduced the amount of time it took to coordinate action across a distance, ex. transactions, messages, product orders, etc.
How does digital media promote democracy on a global scale?
Those with access to the internet have information available to them in order to inform themselves on certain issues, talk back to institutions, produce and distribute their opinions, etc.
How is privacy an issue when it comes to new media?
So much information is shared/posted online that companies and the governments can record or follow
What is a digital divide?
One of the key isses facing media policy makers today. It represents the uneven access between the wealthy and the poor that can not afford or have access to internet or even phone
What is the basic level definition of communication?
act of making something common between two or more people (form of social action)
What was one of the first models for thinking about the process of communication?
Shannon-Weaver communication model, 1949
Describe each step in the Shannon-Weaver model
Step 1: Source where the sender originates idea/image with symbols
Step 2: Message 1 where idea is encoded into symbols
Step 3: Channel is the medium where message is transmitted through voice, tv, print, etc.
Step 4: Message 2 is where the receiver receives sybmols
Step 5: Reciever must interpret or decode message, this determines whether or not communication was successful
What is technical/physical noise?
Interference with fidelity that occurs in the step 3. Can be loud background noises that make it difficult to hear, a thick accent, stati on the line, error in an email, etc.
What is semantic noise?
Interference caused by language and interpretation that occurs between step 2 and step 4
What is the strength of the Shannon-Weaver model
It is very simple and breaks the process of communication down into basic elements. This works well for engineers and technicians
What is the weakness of the Shannon-Weaver model?
Too simple. Does not consider the larger social context of communication that researchers, social scientists, etc. are concerned about.
What is the larger social context that is being referred to?
These larger social contexts are the language, culture, media forms, etc. within which messages are constructed and interpreted
Which model emphasizes the social and media-related variables that inform the process of communication?
The social Model of Communication
Describe each step in the Social Model of Communication
Step 1: encoding context in which the sender forms communication based on their understanding of the universe
Step 2: Encoded content where the selection of text, symbols, etc., are chosen for communication
Step 3: Medium is chosen
Step 4: Decoding Context where the receiver understands communication based on their understanding of the universe
Step 5: Decoded Content where there is the selection of framework for achieved understanding of communication
What does the medium do in this model?
It transforms the message by making certain elements more prominent. Ex., tv emphasizes visual image
What is the new definition of communication based on these models?
the action of making a message or idea common between two or more people
Why is the notion of mass as large scale problematic?
image of vast audiences comprimises many individuals. However this is becoming rare because of the variety of media available to all members of society
What is the definition of mass communication, before the development of the internet + technology?
practice of providing leisure entertainment and information to an unknown audience by means of corporately finance, industrially produced, state regulated, hight-technology, and privately consumed commodities, in the modern print, screen, audio, and broadcast media.
What is Web 2.0?
describes the invention of such interactive online applications
