Chapter 1

Question 1

What is nutrition?

Answer 1

science of nutrients in the food and their actions within the body.

Question 2

why do we eat the foods we eat?

Answer 2

personal reasons, preference, cost, habit, emotional, ethnic heritage, values, and body weight.

Question 3

six classes of nutrients?

Answer 3

carbohydrates, minerals, vitamins, water, proteins, and lipids.

Question 4

which is the simplest? 2nd simplest?

Answer 4

minerals. water.

Question 5

which are organic?

Answer 5

carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and vitamins

Question 6

which are inorganic?

Answer 6

minerals and water

Question 7

energy-yielding?

Answer 7

carbs, protein, fat.

Question 8

what has the highest energy density?

Answer 8

fat

Question 9

what are nutrients?

Answer 9

chemical substances obtained from food that is used for energy, repairing the body and stimulate growth.

Question 10

what are macronutrients?

Answer 10

carbs, fats, and proteins, that are required in large amounts.

Question 11

what are micronutrients?

Answer 11

vitamins and minerals that are required in small amounts.

Question 12

what are essential nutrients?

Answer 12

nutrients that food must supply, there are 40 of them.

Question 13

what is a kilocalorie?

Answer 13

the measure of heat energy

Question 14

kcal of carbohydrates? protein? fats?

Answer 14

4k/cal. 4k/cal. 9k/cal.

Question 15

control/experimental group?

Answer 15

The control group being absorbed receives no treatment, little treatment, or fake treatment, while the experimental group receives the dosage the researchers are interested in.

Question 16

placebo?

Answer 16

group of people being lead to believe they are taking a drug but they are not, the brain tricks them into believing that they consumed it when they did not in reality.

Question 17

randomization?

Answer 17

participants in clinical trials are chosen at random to receive different treatments or other inventions, minimizes bias.

Question 18

blind/ double-blind experiment

Answer 18

both participants and researchers do not know who are the subjects, there can be no correlation. used to study complex relationships.

Question 19

correlation/ causation?

Answer 19

correlations show an association, a positive correlation is not desired. a negative correlation is. correlation means there is a relationship or pattern between the value of two variables. causation means that one event causes another event to occur.

Question 20

EER?

Answer 20

estimated energy requirement, the average intake that will maintain energy balance in a person who has a healthy body weight.

Question 21

AMDR?

Answer 21

Acceptable macronutrient distribution ranges, the composition of a diet that provides adequate energy, nutrients, and reduces risks.

Question 22

% that makeup ADMR?

Answer 22

45-65% of carbs, 20-35% of fat, 10-35% of protein

Question 23

malnutrition and its symptoms?

Answer 23

condition of excess or deficit food energy or nutrient intake. reduced appetite, lack of interest in food, fatigue, diarrhea, skin rashes.

Question 24

stages of developing a nutrient deficiency?

Answer 24

the first body has too little iron, second begins to use up its stores of iron, finally, the body’s iron stores are exhausted.

Question 25

Food’s role in health?

Answer 25

to provide nutrients and vitamins.

Question 26

some chronic disease risk factors?

Answer 26

tobacco, alcohol use, poor dietary habits, physical inactivity.

Question 27

how can you identify nutrition experts?

Answer 27

degrees from accredited schools, pass a national exam, maintain registration. state registration, certification, or license to practice.