Chapter 1

Question 1

kinetic molecular theory

Answer 1

All substances consist of extremely tiny particles that are constantly in motion

Question 2

Arrangement of particles in solids

Answer 2

packed close together, in a regular pattern vibrate in fixed position

Question 3

Arrangement of particles in liquids

Answer 3

Arranged randomly and can move past each other

Question 4

Arrangement of particles in gases

Answer 4

far apart from each other move extremely fast collide with each other and other container

Question 5

how does temperature relate to the energy of particles

Answer 5

the higher the temperature, the higher the energy of particles and the more the movement

Question 6

kinetic energy

Answer 6

the energy of motion of particles

Question 7

what role does kinetic energy play?

Answer 7

kinetic energy overcomes the forces of attraction between particles

Question 8

pure substance

Answer 8

a fixed composition that cannot be further purified

Question 9

Compounds

Answer 9

a substance made of elements united in fixed ratios

Question 10

mixture

Answer 10

A substance that is made of more than one pure substance, and the composition of these pure substances can be varied

Question 11

heterogeneous mixture

Answer 11

a mixture consisting of uneven textures that can often be spotted by the naked eye, the composition is non uniform

Question 12

homogeneous mixture

Answer 12

a mixture consisting of two or more substances in the same phase, the composition is uniform

Question 13

Element

Answer 13

Substances consisting of only one type of atom

Question 14

Atom

Answer 14

the smallest particle of an element that contains the characteristic chemical properties of an element

Question 15

molecule

Answer 15

one or more atom held together by chemical bonds

Question 16

law of definite proportion or law of constant proportion

Answer 16

A compound has a fixed composition of its containing elements

Question 17

physical properties

Answer 17

properties that can be observed or measured without changing the chemical composition of a substance

Question 18

density

Answer 18

The ratio of the mass of an object to its volume

Question 19

Malleability

Answer 19

Whether a solid can be bent into different shapes

Question 20

Ductility

Answer 20

Whether a solid can be drawn into a wire

Question 21

viscosity

Answer 21

how easily a liquid flows

Question 22

Extensive Properties

Answer 22

Depend on the amount of a substance present ( mass and volume)

Question 23

Intensive Properties

Answer 23

Do not depend on the amount of a substance present ( boiling point and density)

Question 24

Physical change

Answer 24

Changes in Physical properties, atoms and stay the same

Question 25

Chemical change

Answer 25

Change where one or more substances are transformed into one or more different substances

Question 26

most important principle of chemical change

Answer 26

matter is conserved

Question 27

kinetic energy

Answer 27

Energy associated with motion( thermal and mechanical)

Question 28

Potential Energy

Answer 28

Energy resulting from an objects position or state

Question 29

Law of conservation of energy

Answer 29

Energy cannot be created or destroyed, the total energy of the universe is constant