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Human Anatomy - BIOL2244 > Chapter 1: A First Look At Anatomy > Flashcards

Chapter 1: A First Look At Anatomy Flashcards

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1
Q

What subdiscipline of anatomy studies all structures in a single region? (e.g., muscles, nerves, blood vessels, etc. of neck)

A

Regional Anatomy

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2
Q

What subdiscipline of anatomy studies superficial and internal structures as they relate to their location on the body surface?

A

Surface Anatomy

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3
Q

What subdiscipline of anatomy studies structures involved with a specific activity? (e.g., digestion)

A

Systemic Anatomy

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4
Q

What subdiscipline of anatomy studies anatomic changes resulting from disease?

A

Pathologic Anatomy

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5
Q

What subdiscipline of anatomy studies structures visualized by medical imaging procedures? (ex: ultrasound, MRI, x-ray)

A

Radiographic Anatomy

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6
Q

What subdiscipline of anatomy studies anatomic landmarks used before and after surgery? (ex: using the hip bones as a landmark to find the L4 vertebra prior to back surgery)

A

Surgical Anatomy

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7
Q

What is the first level of structural organization of the body?

A

Atoms

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8
Q

What is the second level of structural organization of the body?

A

Molecules

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9
Q

What is the third level of structural organization of the body?

A

Cells

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10
Q

What is the fourth level of structural organization of the body?

A

Tissues

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11
Q

What is the fifth level of structural organization of the body?

A

Organs

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12
Q

What is the sixth level of structural organization of the body?

A

Systems

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13
Q

What is the seventh level of structural organization of the body?

A

Organism

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14
Q

Veins go towards the heart; true or false?

A

True

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15
Q

Arteries go away from the heart; true or false?

A

True

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16
Q

How many commonly recognized organ systems are in the human body?

A

Eleven

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17
Q

What body system provides protection, regulates body temperature, is the site of cutaneous receptors, synthesizes vitamin D, and prevents water loss?

A

The Integumentary System

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18
Q

What body system provides support and protection, is the site of hemopoiesis (blood cell production), stores calcium and phosphorous, and provides sites for muscle attachment?

A

The Skeletal System

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19
Q

What body system produces body movement and generates heat when muscles contract?

A

The Muscular System

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20
Q

What body system serves as a regulatory system that contains body movement, responds to sensory stimuli, helps control all other systems of the body, and is responsible for consciousness, intelligence, and memory?

A

The Nervous System

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21
Q

What body system consists of glands and cell clusters that secrete hormones, some of which regulate body and cellular growth, chemical levels in the body, and reproductive functions?

A

The Endocrine System

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22
Q

What body system consists of the heart (a pump), blood, and blood vessels? This system allows the heart to move blood through blood vessels to distribute hormones, nutrients, gases, and pick up waste products.

A

The Cardiovascular System

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23
Q

What body system transports and filters lymph (interstitial fluid transported through lymph vessels) and initiates an immune response when necessary?

A

The Lymphatic System

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24
Q

What body system is responsible for exchange of gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) between blood and the air in the lungs?

A

The Respiratory System

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25
What body system mechanically and chemically digests food materials, absorbs nutrients, and expels waste products?
The Digestive System
26
What body system filters the blood and removes waste products from the blood, concentrates waste products in the form of urine, and expels urine from the body?
The Urinary System
27
What body system produces male sex cells (sperm) and male hormones (testosterone), and transfers sperm to female?
The Male Reproductive System
28
What body system produces sex cells (oocytes) and female hormones (estrogen and progesterone), receives sperm from male, is the site of fertilization of oocyte and growth and development of embryo/fetus, and produces and secretes breast milk for nourishment of newborn?
The Female Reproductive System
29
What plane divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) parts?
The coronal (frontal) plane
30
What plane divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) parts?
The transverse (cross-sectional; horizontal) plane
31
What plane divides the body into equal left and right halves?
The midsagittal (median) plane
32
What planes pass through specimen at an angle?
Oblique planes
33
What is the correct directional term for "ventral" or "front"?
Anterior
34
What is the correct directional term for "dorsal" or "back"?
Posterior
35
What is the correct directional term for "toward head"?
Superior OR Cranial
36
What is the correct directional term for "toward feet"?
Inferior
37
What is the correct directional term for "toward midline"?
Medial
38
What is the correct directional term for "away from midline"?
Lateral
39
What is the correct directional term for "same side"?
Ispilateral
40
What is the correct directional term for "opposite side"?
Contralateral
41
What is the correct directional term for "internal"?
Deep/Profound
42
What is the correct directional term for "external"?
Superficial
43
What is the correct directional term for "close to trunk"?
Proximal
44
What is the correct directional term for "far from trunk"?
Distal
45
What are the two main body regions known as?
Axial and Appendicular Regions
46
What makes up the axial region?
The head, neck, and trunk
47
What makes up the appendicular region?
The upper and lower limbs
48
What body cavity is formed by skull bones?
The cranial cavity
49
What body canal is formed by vertebral column?
The vertebral canal
50
What body cavity is superior to diaphragm?
Thoracic cavity
51
What body cavity is inferior to diaphragm and contains two cavities divided by pelvic brim of hip bones?
Abdominopelvic cavity
52
What cavity is superior to the pelvic brim?
Abdominal cavity
53
What cavity is inferior to the pelvic brim?
Pelvic cavity
54
What cavity is lined by a serous membrane?
Ventral cavity
55
The ventral cavity is divided into two continuous parts (layers); true or false?
True
56
What layer of the ventral cavity lines the internal surface of the body wall?
The parietal layer
57
What layer of the ventral cavity covers the external surface of specific organs?
The visceral layer
58
What is the purpose of the serous cavity with serous fluid?
To reduce friction between moving organs
59
What is the median space in the thoracic cavity called?
Mediastinum
60
What all is located in the mediastinum?
The heart, thymus, esophagus, trachea, and major vessels
61
What is the serous membrane around the heart called?
The pericardium
62
What is the pericardium composed of?
The parietal pericardium, pericardial cavity, and visceral pericardium
63
What is the serous membrane around the lungs called?
The pleura
64
What is the pleura composed of?
The parietal pleura, pleural cavity, and visceral pleura
65
What is the serous membrane around many abdominal organs called?
The peritoneum
66
What lines the walls of the abdominopelvic cavity?
The parietal peritoneum
67
The peritoneal cavity is potential space with serous fluid; true or false?
True
68
What covers the surface of most digestive organs?
The visceral peritoneum
69
The epigastric, umbilical, and hypogastric region makes up what column of the abdominopelvic region?
The middle column
70
The right and left hypochondriac regions are 2 of 9 abdominopelvic regions; true or false?
True
71
The right and left lumbar regions are 2 of 9 abdominopelvic regions; true or false?
True
72
The right and left iliac regions are 2 of 9 abdominopelvic regions; true or false?
True
73
What are the four abdominopelvic quadrants?
Right upper quadrant, left upper quadrant, right lower quadrant, and left lower quadrant
74
In order for the body to be in anatomical position, the thumbs must face away from the body; true or false?
True
75
What is the anatomically correct term for the head region?
Cephalic
76
What is the anatomically correct term for the forehead region?
Frontal
77
What is the anatomically correct term for the eye region?
Orbital
78
What is the anatomically correct term for the cheek region?
Buccal
79
What is the anatomically correct term for the chin region?
Mental
80
What is the anatomically correct term for the sternum region?
Sternal
81
What is the anatomically correct term for the chest region?
Pectoral
82
What is the anatomically correct term for the breast region?
Mammary
83
What is the anatomically correct term for the abdomen region?
Abdominal
84
What is the anatomically correct term for the groin region?
Inguinal
85
What is the anatomically correct term for the ankle region?
Tarsal
86
What is the anatomically correct term for the back of the foot?
Dorsum of the foot
87
What is the anatomically correct term for the toe region?
Digital
88
What is the anatomically correct term for the foot region?
Pes
89
What is the anatomically correct term for the leg region?
Crural
90
What is the anatomically correct term for the kneecap region?
Patellar
91
What is the anatomically correct term for the thigh region?
Femoral
92
What is the anatomically correct term for the finger region?
Digital
93
What is the anatomically correct term for the palm region?
Palmar
94
What is the anatomically correct term for the wrist region?
Carpal
95
What is the anatomically correct term for the hip region?
Coxal
96
What is the anatomically correct term for the forearm region?
Antebrachial
97
What is the anatomically correct term for the front of elbow region?
Antecubital
98
What is the anatomically correct term for the arm region?
Brachial
99
What is the anatomically correct term for the armpit region?
Axillary
100
What is the anatomically correct term for the shoulder region?
Deltiod
101
What is the anatomically correct term for the neck region?
Cervical
102
What is the anatomically correct term for the mouth region?
Oral
103
What is the anatomically correct term for the nose region?
Nasal
104
What is the anatomically correct term for the skull region?
Cranial
105
What is the anatomically correct term for the ear region?
Auricular
106
What is the anatomically correct term for the back of head region?
Occipital
107
What is the anatomically correct term for the spinal column region?
Vertebral
108
What is the anatomically correct term for the lower back region?
Lumbar
109
What is the anatomically correct term for the hand region?
Manus
110
What is the anatomically correct term for the back of knee region?
Popliteal
111
What is the anatomically correct term for the calf region?
Sural
112
What is the anatomically correct term for the sole of foot region?
Plantar
113
What is the anatomically correct term for the heel region?
Calcaneal
114
What is the anatomically correct term for the back of the hand?
Dorsum of the hand
115
What is the anatomically correct term for the buttock region?
Gluteal
116
What is the anatomically correct term for the elbow?
Olecranal

Human Anatomy - BIOL2244 (2 decks)

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