Chapter 1 - Behavior Modification

Question 1

What is another name for behavior modification?

Answer 1

Applied behavior analysis

Question 2

Characteristics of behavior

Answer 2

1. actions not labels
2. Involves physical dimensions
3. Can be observed, described and recorded
4. Has an impact on the environment (physical or social surroundings)
5. Behavior is lawful (observed, predicted, identified and changed)
6. May be overt or covert

Question 3

Behavior

Answer 3

What people say and do

Question 4

Frequency

Answer 4

Counting the number of times a behavior occurs

Question 5

Duration

Answer 5

Time from when an instance of the behavior starts until it stops

Question 6

Intensity

Answer 6

The physical force involved in the behavior

Question 7

Latency

Answer 7

Speed of behavior from some event to the start of a behavior

Question 8

Dimensions of Behavior

Answer 8

• Frequency
• Duration
• Intensity
• Latency

Question 9

Overt

Answer 9

External, can be seen, hear or observed.

Question 10

Covert

Answer 10

Internal to individual, cannot be observed

Question 11

4 principles of behavior

Answer 11

• Extinction
• Stimulus Control
• Reinforcement
• Punishment

Question 12

Functional relationship between environment and behavior

Answer 12

• environment influences behavior
• behavior influences environment
• behavior has an impact on environment physically and socially

Question 13

Behaviors can be…

Answer 13

observed, described and recorded by others or by the person engaging in the behavior

Question 14

What does it mean by behavior is lawful

Answer 14

its occurrence is systematically influenced by environmental events

Question 15

Basic behavioral principles

Answer 15

describe the functional relationships between our behavior and environmental events. These principles describe how our behavior is influenced by, or occurs as a function of, environmental events.

Question 16

Analyzing

Answer 16

Identifying the functional relationship between environmental events and a particular behavior to understand the reasons for the behavior or to determine why a person behaved as he or she did

Question 17

Modifying

Answer 17

Developing and implementing procedures to help people change their behavior

Question 18

Focus on behavior

Answer 18

designed to change behavior, not a personal characteristic or trait

Question 19

Target behavior

Answer 19

the behavior to be modified

Question 20

Behavioral excess

Answer 20

an undesirable target behavior the person wants to decrease in frequency, duration and intensity

Question 21

Behavioral deficit

Answer 21

a desirable target behavior the person wants to increase in frequency, duration and intensity

Question 22

Applied Behavior Analysis

Answer 22

the scientific study of human behavior to help people change behavior in a meaningful way

Question 23

Human behavior

Answer 23

Controlled by events in the immediate environment, and the goal of behavior modification is to identify those events

Question 24

Ivan P. Pavlov

Answer 24

Conducted experiments that uncovered the basic processes of respondent conditioning

Question 25

Edward L. Thorndike

Answer 25

States that a behavior that produces a favorable effect on the environment is more likely to be repeated in the future

Question 26

John B. Watson

Answer 26

Asserted that observable behavior was the proper subject matter of psychology and that all behavior was controlled by environmental events

Question 27

B. F. Skinner

Answer 27

- Expanded the field of behaviorism originally described by Watson. The distinction between respondent conditioning and operant conditioning, in which the consequence of behavior controls the future occurrence of the behavior - wrote books about applying the principles of behavior analysis to human behavior

Question 28

Rehabilitation

Answer 28

the process of helping people regain normal function after an injury or trauma, such as head injury from an accident or brain damage from a stroke

Question 29

Community Psychology

Answer 29

Behavioral interventions are designed to influence the behavior of large numbers of people in ways that benefit everybody

Question 30

Clinical Psychology

Answer 30

Psychological principles and procedures are applied to help people with personal problems

Question 31

Self-Management

Answer 31

Procedures to control personal habits, health-related behaviors, professional behaviors and personal problems

Question 32

Child Behavior Management

Answer 32

help children overcome bed-wetting, nail-bitting, temper tantrums, noncompliance, aggressive behaviors, bad manners, stuttering and other common problems

Question 33

Prevention

Answer 33

preventing child abuse, abduction, accidents in the home, poisoning, infections and STD's

Question 34

Behavior modification is used to

Answer 34

- result in better athletic performance than do traditional coaching procedures - improve work performance and job safety to decrease tardiness, absenteeism, and accidents on the job - promote compliance with rehabilitation routines and teach new skills - manage behaviors of oneself - promote health-related behaviors by increasing healthy lifestyle behaviors and decrease unhealthy lifestyle behaviors - decrease occurrence of undesirable behaviors and increase the occurrence of desirable behaviors that are not occurring frequently enough

Question 35

Behavior Analyst Certification Board

Answer 35

established to provide certification for individuals to practice behavior analysis as a profession

Question 36

A -> B -> C->

Answer 36

Antecedent leads to behavior leads to consequence

Question 37

Common misconception of behavior modification

Answer 37

- relies on punishment - uses bribes - simplistic - ignores the "real causes" of behavior - just treats the symptoms - leads to people controlling each other - ruins "intrinsic motivation" - makes people dependent on external incentives - dehumanizes people - only works with kids and disabled people

Question 38

Participant

Answer 38

present in room of study

Question 39

Non-participant

Answer 39

someone who observes by live recording or makes an observation through video/audio recordings

Question 40

Natural Setting

Answer 40

part of the participants daily life

Question 41

Analogue

Answer 41

Created for the participant to be observed in (its not part of their daily routine/life)