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General Biology > Chapter 1- Cell Theory > Flashcards

Chapter 1- Cell Theory Flashcards

(60 cards)

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1
Q

All organisms are composed of the fundamental unit of life; it is also the smallest unit of life; basic organizational principle of biology

A

Cell

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2
Q

scientific instrument which is used to observe very tiny organisms and objects

A

Microscope

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3
Q

Two main types of Microscope

A

Light and Electron Microscope

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4
Q

Example of microscopic organism that can only be seen in microscope

A

Virus

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5
Q

made up of one or more cells

A

Living Things

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6
Q

Single-cell organisms

A

Unicellular Organisms

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7
Q

two or more cells

A

Multicellular Organism

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8
Q

Unicellular and Multicellular Organisms can be categorized as

A

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

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9
Q

Common features of plants and animal cells they share

A

Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Vacuole
Cell Membrane

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10
Q

Contains distinctive feature

A

Plant cell

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11
Q

does not have such as chloroplasts and cell wall

A

Animal Cell

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12
Q

increase in the number of cells

A

Cell Division

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13
Q

process when nucleus divides and produces new cells; it is also part of sexual and asexual reproduction

A

Cell Division

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14
Q

Two Main Types of Cell Division

A

Mitosis and Meiosis

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15
Q

needed to identify the wide variety of organisms on Earth

A

System

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16
Q

sorting of living organisms into groups based on their common characteristics

A

Classification

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17
Q

he developed the classification system that survived to the present day

A

Carl Linnaeus

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18
Q

Organisms are classified into five mains groups called

A

Kingdoms

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19
Q

Five main groups of Kindoms

A 
Animals 
Plants
Fungi
Bacteria
Very simple Organisms
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20
Q

a scientific instrument used to observe very small objects that the naked eye cannot see; Biologist use this

A

Microscope

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21
Q

Why do they use microscope?

A

to investigate

discover and add new information and ideas to the existing human knowledge

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22
Q

Different kinds of microscope and they are divided into

A

Light Microscope

Electron Microscope

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23
Q

he first developed the light microscope in 1665

A

Robert Hooke

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24
Q

it contains several glass lenses, it has its own light source or a mirror that reflects available room light through its lenses

A

Light Microscope

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25
it usually uses light that illuminates and passes through a specimen
Light Microscope
26
it is a sample of material used for testing
Specimen
27
it is used to increases the ability of a human eye to see tiny objects, it also magnifies tiny organisms to about 1000 times their actual size
Light Microscope
28
Two types of Light Microscope
Simple Light Microscope and Compound light Microscope
29
it has one objective lens; it was one Robert Hooke used; they're similar to a magnifying glass
Simple light microscope
30
it has at least two sets of glass lenses; it is commonly used in school science laboratories; most of them have several objective lenses, each with different magnification
Compound Light microscope
31
it is made up of several important pars and each part has a specific function
Light Microscope
32
it is the lens you look through to observe specimens and it magnifies the image of the specimen
Eyepiece lens
33
it magnifies the specimen, when you rotate it, it can change the magnification
Objective Lens
34
the coarse focus knob is used to move the lens closer to focus on the specimen
Coarse Adjustment Knob
35
it is used for holding when carrying the microscope
Arm
36
the fine focus knob is used to move the objective lens closer to the specimen
Fine Adjustment Knob
37
holds prepared slide in place
Clips
38
it is where the specimen placed and it hold he slide in place
Stage
39
it stabilizes the microscope so that it will not fall over
Base
40
it controls the amount of light that goes through the specimen
Diaphragm
41
it concentrates light from the mirror onto the specimen
Condenser
42
it reflects light from a light source up through the diaphragm
Mirror
43
are powerful research tools, it is made of several electromagnetic lenses
Electron Microscope
44
it uses beam of electrons to produce highly magnified images of objects
Electron Microscope
45
scientists uses this in man different fields of research including medicine, biology, chemistry, physics, metallurgy, and entomology (study of insects)
Electron Microscope
46
it ables to obtain much higher powers of magnification than standard visible light microscopes
Electron Microscope
47
Difference between light and electron microscope
• Light: (lm) (em) Visible Light - beam of electrons • Light Control: Glass lenses to control light - Electromagnetic lenses • Image: Viewed directly by the observer - put on fluorescent screen, than an observer sees • Magnification: Magnify tiny objects up to about 1000 times their actual size - magnify tiny objects up to a million times their actual size
48
who discovered cell in 1665
Robert Hooke
49
How does he discovered it?
He was able to observe a piece of cork specimen structures which appears as tiny compartment similar to small rooms that are fitted to each other
50
chamber-like structures
cell
51
came from Latin word Cella
Cell
52
it means small room
Cella
53
it means six-sided cell of the honeycombed
Cellulae
54
another scientist who saw tiny living organisms through a microscope which he named animacules
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
55
Organisms that difficult to see on a naked eye, that included protozoa and other unicellular organisms like bacteria
Animalcules
56
basic principles of biology
Cell Theory
57
they stated that all animal tissues are composed also of cell
Theodore Schwann (1839) a German botanist and Matthias Jakob Schleiden (1838) also a botanist
58
in 1858, he concluded that all cella comes from pre-existing cells
Rudolf Virchow
59
basis on how an object is considered as a living thing
Three postulates of the cell Theory
60
Three Postulates of the Cell Theory
1. All living organisms are composed of one or more cells. 2. The cell is the basic unit of life. 3. All cells arise from pre-existing cells

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