Chapter 1 (Exam 1) Flashcards
(12 cards)
Homogenous materials are mixtures if?
The components can be separated by physical means
Homogenous materials are pure substances if?
Physical means cannot separate the components
The law of conservation of mass states?
Mass is neither created nor destroyed, and is instead conserved
The law of definite proportions states?
The proportions by mass of elements in a compound are fixed, regardless of origin or preparation
Solids that do not follow the law of definite proportions are called?
Nonstoichiometric compounds
What are diatomic molecules?
Molecules that contain one atom of each element
The law of combining volumes states that?
The ratio of volumes of a pair of gases in chemical reaction is the ratio of simple integers
Avogadro’s hypothesis states that?
Equal volumes of different gases will have equal numbers of particles if at the same temperature and pressure
Another term for electrons is?
Cathode rays
What was Rutherford’s experiment?
Rutherford shot doubly charged helium atoms at gold foil, and observed that some passed through the foil and some bounced off
What did Rutherford’s experiment lead to the discovery of?
A central nucleus in atoms
How is average relative atomic mass found?
An isotope’s mass is multiplied by its abundance, and the values calculated for each isotope are added together
