Chapter 1: Fire Dynamics

Question 1

Firefighters should have a_____understanding of combustion, fire, heat, and temperature.

Answer 1

Scientific

Question 2

A chemical process of oxidation that occurs at a rate fast enough to produce heat.

Answer 2

Combustion

Question 3

A rapid oxidation process.

Answer 3

Fire

Question 4

Measure of the average kinetic energy.

Answer 4

Temperature

Question 5

_____ are not combustible but will support or enhance combustion.

Answer 5

Oxidizers

Question 6

__________ Is a chemical reaction involving the combination of an oxidizer, such as oxygen in the air, with other materials.

Answer 6

Oxidation

Question 7

Rust, smoldering fire, methane burning, and explosion are all forms of what?

Answer 7

Oxidation

Question 8

The energy that a moving object possesses.

Answer 8

Kinetic energy

Question 9

Energy is measured in?

Answer 9

Joules (J)

Question 10

Fire is an __________ Chemical reaction that releases energy in the form of heat and sometimes light.

Answer 10

Exothermic

Question 11

Converting water from a liquid to a gas requires the input of energy resulting in an?

Answer 11

Endothermic reaction

Question 12

Exothermic reactions release energy while endothermic reactions?

Answer 12

Absorb energy

Question 13

Fire tetrahedron

Answer 13

Reducing agent (fuel)
Heat
Oxidizing agent (oxygen)
Chemical chain reaction

Question 14

Fire must be in a____state to Burn.

Answer 14

Gaseous state

Question 15

The chemical decomposition of a solid material by heating (Burning and turning the solid into a gaseous state)

Answer 15

Pyrolysis

Question 16

Most common form of ignition

Answer 16

Piloted ignition

Question 17

Occurs without any external flame or spark to ignite the fuel gases or vapors. The fuel surface heats up on its own and creates a combustion reaction.

Answer 17

Auto ignition

Question 18

Smoke is a product of?

Answer 18

Incomplete combustion

Question 19

_____Is a toxic in flammable products of the incomplete combustion of organic materials.

Answer 19

Carbon monoxide (CO)

Question 20

CO2

Answer 20

Carbon dioxide

Question 21

What does the acronym (HCN)mean?

Answer 21

Hydrogen cyanide

Question 22

Colorless,toxic, and flammable liquid until it the reaches 79°F above that temperature it becomes a gas with a faint odor similar to bitter almonds.

Answer 22

Hydrogen cyanide

Question 23

HCN is__ times more toxic than CO

Answer 23

35

Question 24

____________ Is a product of complete combustion of organic materials.

Answer 24

Carbon dioxide (CO2)

Question 25

Neither supports combustion or burns and is used in portable fire extinguishing class B or C fires by smothering or displacing the oxygen.

Answer 25

(CO2)

Question 26

The Tendency or capacity of a liquid or gas to remain afloat or rise.

Answer 26

Buoyant

Question 27

____Is the measurement of the average kinetic energy in a particular sample of matter.

Answer 27

Temperature

Question 28

The boiling point of water is?

Answer 28

212° Or 100°C

Question 29

____Occurs when the material is heated as a result of direct contact with the heat source.

Answer 29

Conduction

Question 30

In the fire environment, __________usually involves the transfer of heat to the movement of hot smoke and fire gases.

Answer 30

Convection

Question 31

The transfer of energy through electromagnetic waves.

Answer 31

Radiation

Question 32

Radiation is a common cause of_____fires.

Answer 32

Exposure fires

Question 33

__________ is the rate at which energy transfers.

Answer 33

Power

Question 34

The minimum temperature at which a liquid gives all sufficient vapors to ignite.

Answer 34

Flash point

Question 35

_________ the temperature at which a pilot ignition of sufficient vapors will begin sustain combustion.

Answer 35

Fire point

Question 36

Four stages of fire development

Answer 36

* Incipient stage- Ignition * Growth stage- More fuel becomes involved in the production of heat and smoke increase * Fully developed stage- The fire is consuming the maximum amount of oxygen that it can. * Decay stage- The heat release rate begins to decline

Question 37

Rapid transition from the growth stage to the fully develop stage.

Answer 37

Flash over

Question 38

Instantaneous explosion or rapid burning of superheated gases.

Answer 38

Backdraft

Question 39

Doing flashover the environment of the room changes from a cooler condition to a____.

Answer 39

Single layer

Question 40

Flash over occurs when the room temperature reaches?

Answer 40

1100°F

Question 41

A significant indicator of flashover is?

Answer 41

Roll over

Question 42

Roll over generally proceeds_____, but it may not always result in_____.

Answer 42

Flash over

Question 43

The auto ignition temperature of (CO) is approximately.

Answer 43

1100°F

Question 44

Hi neutral plane is an indicator of what stage of a fire?

Answer 44

Early stages of development

Question 45

Mid neutral plane is an indicator of what stage of a fire?

Answer 45

Advanced growth stage

Question 46

Low neutral plane is an indicator of what stage of a fire?

Answer 46

Approaching flash over or under ventilated. May indicate that the fire is reaching back draft conditions.

Question 47

Air consist of what percent oxygen?

Answer 47

21 percent

Question 48

The tendency of gases to form into layers according to temperature, gas density, and pressure.

Answer 48

Thermal layering

Question 49

The interface between the hot gas layers and cooler layer of air is commonly referred to as?

Answer 49

The neutral plane

Question 50

What neutral plane May indicate that the fire is an early stages of development?

Answer 50

High neutral zone

Question 51

This neutral plane could indicate that the compartment has not yet ventilated or that flash over is approaching

Answer 51

Mid neutral zone

Question 52

What neutral plane may indicate that the fire is reaching back draft conditions?

Answer 52

Low neutral plane

Question 53

What is the critical temperature for Steel trusses?

Answer 53

1000°F