Chapter 1 Key Terms

Question 1

communication

Answer 1

the process of generating meaning by sending and receiving verbal and nonverbal symbols and signs that are influenced by multiple contexts

Question 2

Rhetoric

Answer 2

The art of speaking well and persuasively

Question 3

Intrapersonal Communication

Answer 3

Communication with oneself using internal vocalization or reflective thinking

Question 4

Interpersonal Communication

Answer 4

Communication between people whose lives mutually influence one another

Question 5

Group Communication

Answer 5

Communication among three or more people interacting to achieve a shared goal

Question 6

Public Communication

Answer 6

A sender-focused form of communication in which one person is typically responsible for conveying information to an audience

Question 7

Mass Communication

Answer 7

Communication in which messages are transmitted to many people through print or electronic media

Question 8

Participants

Answer 8

The senders and/or receivers of messages in a communication encounter.

Question 9

Message

Answer 9

A verbal or nonverbal content being conveyed in a communication encounter

Question 10

Encoding

Answer 10

The process of turning thoughts into communication

Question 11

Decoding

Answer 11

The process of turning communication into thoughts

Question 12

Channel

Answer 12

The sensory route on which a message travels

Question 13

Transmission Model of Communication

Answer 13

Describes communication as a linear, one-way process in which a sender intentionally transmits a message to a receiver

Question 14

Noise

Answer 14

Anything that interferes with a message being sent between participants in a communication encounter

Question 15

Environmental noise

Answer 15

Physical noise present in a communication encounter

Question 16

Semantic noise

Answer 16

Noise that occurs in the encoding and decoding process when the participants do not understand a symbol

Question 17

Interaction model

Answer 17

Describes communication as a process in which participants alternate positions as sender and receiver and generate meaning by sending messages and receiving feedback within physical and psychological contexts

Question 18

Feedback

Answer 18

Messages sent in response to other messages

Question 19

Physical Context

Answer 19

The environmental factors in a communication encounter

Question 20

Psychological context

Answer 20

The mental and emotional factors in a communication encounter

Question 21

Transaction Model of Communication

Answer 21

Describes communication as a process in which communicators generate social realities within social, relational, and cultural contexts

Question 22

Social Context

Answer 22

The stated rules or unstated norms that guide communication

Question 23

Relational Context

Answer 23

The previous interpersonal history and type of relationship was e have with a person

Question 24

Cultural Context

Answer 24

Aspects of identities such as race, gender, nationality, ethnicity, sexual orientation, class, and ability that influence communication

Question 25

Integrative Learning

Answer 25

An approach that encourages students to reflect on how the content they are learning connects to other classes they have taken or are taking, their professional goals, and their civic responsibilities

Question 26

Civic Engagement

Answer 26

Working to make a difference in our communities by improving the quality of life of community members; raising awareness about social, cultural, or political issues; or participating in a wide variety of political and nonpolitical processes

Question 27

Physical Needs

Answer 27

Needs that keep our bodies and minds functioning

Question 28

Instrumental Needs

Answer 28

Needs that help us get things done in our day-to-day lives and achieve short and long term goals

Question 29

Compliance-gaining communication

Answer 29

Communication aimed at getting people to do something or act in a particular way

Question 30

Rational Needs

Answer 30

Needs that help is maintain social bounds and interpersonal relationships

Question 31

Identity Needs

Answer 31

Needs related to the desire to present ourselves to others and be thought of in particular ways

Question 32

Phatic Communication

Answer 32

Scripted and routine verbal interactions that are intended to establish social bonds rather than actually exchange meaning

Question 33

Communication Ethics

Answer 33

The process of negotiation and reflecting on our actions and communication regarding what we believe to be right and wrong

Question 34

Communication Competence

Answer 34

The knowledge of effective and appropriate communication patterns and the ability to use and adapt that knowledge in various contexts

Question 35

Unconscious Incompetence

Answer 35

Being unaware of incompetent communication

Question 36

Conscious Incompetence

Answer 36

Being aware of incompetent communication as it is happening

Question 37

Conscious Competence

Answer 37

Communicating completely and being aware of it

Question 38

Unconscious Competence

Answer 38

Communicating completely without straining to do so

Question 39

Communication Apprehension

Answer 39

Fear or anxiety experienced by a person due to actual or imagined communication with another person or persons

Question 40

Public Speaking Anxiety

Answer 40

A type of communication apprehension that produces physiological, cognitive, and behavioral reactions in people when faced with a real or imagined presentation