Chapter 1 - Material World Flashcards
(13 cards)
What is an element?
A pure substance that is made up of one type of atom and cannot be broken down into simpler substances. Eg, gold or magnesium.
What is a compound?
A compound is the combination of elements that have been chemically bonded. Eg, sodium chloride.
What is a mixture?
A mixture is a combination of more than one element and/or compound that are not chemically bonded. eg, sand and iron.
What is a solution?
A solution is when a solute is dissolved in solvent. Eg, salt dissolved in water.
What is a suspension?
A suspension is a cloudy mixture of a liquid and an insoluble substance that settles out.
What is a colloid?
A colloid is a mixture were the insoluble particles do not settle out because they big enough to be pulled to the bottom by gravity. A colloid is a mixture in between a solution and a suspension.
What are Emulsions?
An emulsion is a type of colloid made with substances that are immiscible.
What is decanting?
Decanting is when you pour the liquid off of the solid material that has settled out.
What is filtration?
Filtration is when you pour a mixture into a filter funnel and paper. The holes of the filtration paper will be big enough for the liquid particles to pass through but small enough to not allow the solid particles to pass through.
What is evaporation?
Evaporation is when you seperate the soluble and the solvent by applying heat to the solution. Causing the solvent to turn into vapour and the soluble to crystallise.
What is distillation?
Distillation is the combination of evaporating and condensation to seperate a mixture.
What is magnetic separation?
If a mixture contains a substance that is attracted to magnets you can seperate the two by placing a magnet by the solution so that the substance moves towards the magnet, away from the mixture.
What is chromatography?
Chromatography is the separation of a mixture by using water and a paper strip.
