Chapter 1 Matter And Measurement

Question 0

Definition: property

Answer 0

A property is any characteristic that allows us to recognize a particular type of matter and to distinguish it from other types.

Question 1

Definition: Matter

Answer 1

Matter is the physical material of the universe; it is anything that occupies space.

Question 2

All ______ is comprised of elements

Answer 2

Matter

Question 3

Definition: Atoms

Answer 3

The almost infinitesimally small building blocks of matter.

Question 4

Composition refers to

Answer 4

The kinds of atoms matter contains

Question 5

Structure relates too

Answer 5

The arrangement of atoms within matter

Question 6

Definition: Molecules

Answer 6

Two or more atoms are joined in specific shapes.

Question 7

Fundamentally chemists do three things:

Answer 7

Make new types of matter

Measure the properties of matter

Develop models to explain or predict the properties of matter

Question 8

Matter is classified in two ways

Answer 8

It’s physical state

It’s composition

Question 9

Definition: Pure substance

Answer 9

Is matter that has distinct properties and a composition that does not vary from sample to sample.

Question 10

All substances are either elements or ______

Answer 10

Compounds

Question 11

Mixtures are in essence

Answer 11

Multiple substances mixed together

Question 12

Law of constant composition

Answer 12

Elemental composition of a compound is always the same

Question 13

Substances that make up a mixture are called _______

Answer 13

Components

Question 14

Homogenous mixtures are called ______

Answer 14

Solutions

Question 15

Definition: intensive properties

Answer 15

Temperature and melting point

Question 16

Definition: extensive properties

Answer 16

Depend on the amount of sample such as mass and volume

Question 17

Definition: distillation

Answer 17

Technique used to purify water through evaporation

Question 18

Definition: Chromatography

Answer 18

Mixture dissolved into a fluid called mobile phase which carries it through a structure called stationary phase. The components travel at different speeds causing them to separate this purifying them.

Question 19

Definition: Mass

Answer 19

Is a measure of the amount of material in an object.

Question 20

Definition: temperature

Answer 20

Is a measure of the hotness or coldness of an object. A physical property that determines the direction of the heat flow

Question 21

0 C = _______

Answer 21

Freezing point of water at sea level

Question 22

100 C =______

Answer 22

Boiling point of water at sea level

Question 23

0 kelvin = the ______ ______

Answer 23

The lowest temperature or absolute zero

Question 24

Formula: C ----> F

Answer 24

C=(5/9)(F-32)

Question 25

Definition: Derived unit

Answer 25

A derived unit is obtained by multiplication or division of one or more of the base units

Question 26

Definition: Precision

Answer 26

Precision is a measure of how closely individual measurements agree with one another.

Question 27

Definition: Accuracy

Answer 27

Refers to how closely individual measurements agree with the correct, or true value.