Chapter 1: Measurements Flashcards
(48 cards)
1
Q
length base unit
A
meter
2
Q
what is the base unit for mass
A
kilogram
3
Q
what is the base unit for time
A
seconds
4
Q
what is the base unit for temperature
A
kelvin
5
Q
amount of a substance
A
mole
6
Q
what is the base unit for electric current
A
ampere
7
Q
tera
A
10^12
8
Q
giga
A
10^9
9
Q
what is mega
A
10^6
10
Q
kilo
A
10^3
11
Q
hecto
A
10^2
12
Q
deca
A
10^1
13
Q
deci
A
10^-1
14
Q
centi
A
10^2
15
Q
mili
A
10^-3
16
Q
micro
A
10^-6
17
Q
nano
A
10^-9
18
Q
pico
A
10^12
19
Q
what is a solution
A
a homoegenous mixture of two or more substances
20
Q
what is a solute
A
a minor species in solution
21
Q
what is the solvent
A
the major species in the solution
22
Q
what is a mole
A
avogadro;s number of particles
23
Q
what is the formula mass
A
“molar mass of a strong electrolyte
24
Q
what is molarity
A
mol/L
25
what is molality (m)
mol/Kg
26
what is an electrolyte
a substance that disocciates into ions
27
what is a strong/weak electrolyte
strong- mostly dissociates into ions
weak-partially dissociates
28
what is the formal concentration (F)
the molarity of a substance if it were not converted into the other species in a solution
29
formula for weight %
mass of solute/ mass of total solution x100
30
formula for volume percent
volume of solute/ volume of total solution x100
31
parts per million equation (ppm)
mass of substance / mass of sample x10^6
32
parts per billion equation
mass of substance / mass of sample x10^9
33
what is the relationship between density and ppm or ppb
1 ppm = 1mg/L
1 ppb= 1micro/L
34
what is a titrant
added to the analyte until the rxn is complete
35
what is the endpoint
noticed by solution, physical property change
36
what is the equivalence point
stoichiometric equivalence of titrant/ analyte
37
primary and secondary standards
used directly where the exact amount is calculated and weighted
38
direct and back titration
using excess amount of titrant
39
blank titration
titration without the presence of analyte
40
gravimetric titration
titrant is measure by mass rather than volume
41
what is distillation
water is boiled to separate it from less volatile impurities (volatile= produces a vapor pressure)
42
what is deionization
water is passed through a column that removes ionic impurities
43
how do you prepare a solution of low conc. from a more conc. solution
use the formula
Mconc x Vconc = Mdilute x Vdilute
* make sure the units are the same on both sides*
44
gravimetric analysis
measures the mass of a substance to complete analysis
45
volumetric analysis
measures the volume of material needed to react with analyte
46
what is the limiting reagent
species that is consumed first
47
what happens once the limiting reagent is done
the reaction ceases
48
how do you find the limiting reactant
1. find the number of moles of each reagent
2. compare the moles present to the moles required
