Chapter 1: Note Packet

Question 1

It seeks to answer questions about how people think, feel, act as they do.

Answer 1

Psychological science

Question 2

…… and ……. (greek philosophers) concluded that the mind is seperated from the body and that knowledge is innate.

Answer 2

Socrates

Plato

Question 3

One of Socrates & Platos student , ………., disagreed saying that knowledge grows from the experiences stored in our memories -

Answer 3

Aristotle

Question 4

He was a french philosopher who believed that animal spirits flow from the brain through what we call nerves to the muscles, giving movement -

Answer 4

Rene Descartes

Question 5

He was an english philosopher who argues that the mind at birth is a blank slate.

Answer 5

John Locke

Question 6

Locke’s ideas, with his countryman ………, helped form empiricism

Answer 6

Bacon

Question 7

The view that science should rely on observation and experimentation -

Answer 7

Empiricism

Question 8

1st psychological laboratory was founded in 1879 by…..

Answer 8

Wilhelm Wundt

Question 9

…… introduced the school of structuralism , which explored basic elements of mind using the method of introspection

Answer 9

Edward Tichener

Question 10

The method of structuralism proved ……

Answer 10

Unreliable

Question 11

William James founded the school of ……..

Answer 11

Functionalism

Question 12

The school of functionalism focused on …..

Answer 12

How mental and behavioral processes enable the organism to adapt, survive, and flourish

Question 13

First female president of the american psychological association was ….

Answer 13

Mary Calkins

Question 14

The first woman to receive a Ph. D. In psychology was …

Answer 14

Margaret Floy Washburn

Question 15

Psychologists who explore thinking and behavior by conducting experiments are called ….

Answer 15

Experimental psychologist

Question 16

The historical roots of psychology include …… and ……

Answer 16

Biology and philosophy

Question 17

Ivan Pavlov pioneered the study of ….

Answer 17

Learning

Question 18

The personality theorist Sigmund Freud & Jean Piaget studied ….

Answer 18

Children

Question 19

Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow forged ………. psychology.

Answer 19

Humanistic

Question 20

humanistic psychology emphasized the growth potential of ……..

Answer 20

Healthy people

Question 21

The study of brain activity is linked with mental activity called …..

Answer 21

Cognitive neuroscience

Question 22

Psychology is the study of …….. and …… processes

Answer 22

Behavior and mental

Question 23

“Behavior” refers to ……..

Answer 23

Any action we can observe adn record

Question 24

“Mental processes” refers to internal …….. we infer from behavior

Answer 24

Subjective experiences

Question 25

The # of psychologists is .....

Answer 25

Increasing

Question 26

Psychological science is also ....

Answer 26

Globalizing

Question 27

The nature -nurture issue is the controversy over the relative contributions of ....... and ......

Answer 27

Biology | Experience

Question 28

....... he explained species of variation by proposing the process of evolution , which works through the principle of natural selection -

Answer 28

Charles Darwin

Question 29

Natural selection has traits that contributes to ....... and ........

Answer 29

Reproduction | Srurvival

Question 30

Each person is a complex system that is part of a larger ....... and at same time composed of a smaller system

Answer 30

Social system

Question 31

3 main levels psychologists work from -

Answer 31

Analysis-biological Psychological Social Culture

Question 32

Psychologists who study how the body and brain enable emotions, memories, and sensory experiences are working from the ..........

Answer 32

Biological perspective

Question 33

Pschologists who study how natural selection influences behavior tendencies are working from .....

Answer 33

Evolutionary perspective

Question 34

Psychologists who believe that behavior springs from unconscious drives and conflicts are working from the ....

Answer 34

Psychodynamic perspective

Question 35

Psychologists who study the mechanisms by which observable responses are acquired and changed are working from .....

Answer 35

Behavioral perspective

Question 36

The ...... perspective explores how we encode, process, store, retrieve info

Answer 36

Cognitive

Question 37

Psychologists working from the historically important humanistic perspective explore how ......

Answer 37

People attempt to fulfill their potential

Question 38

Psychologists who study how thinking and behavior vary in different situations are working from the ....... and .......

Answer 38

Social / cultural perspective

Question 39

The branch of psychology devoted to measuring our abilities, attitudes, and traits are .....

Answer 39

Psychometrics

Question 40

...... research builds psychology's knowledge base

Answer 40

Basic

Question 41

.... research seeks solutions to practical problems -

Answer 41

Applied

Question 42

Psychologists who study our changing abilities from womb to tomb are .......

Answer 42

Developmental psychologists

Question 43

Educational psychologists influence on ..... and .....

Answer 43

Teaching | Learning

Question 44

Psychologists who help people cope w problems in life are ..........

Answer 44

Counseling psychologists

Question 45

Psychologists who study, assess, and treat troubled people are .........

Answer 45

Clinical psychologists

Question 46

Medical doctors who provide psychotherapy and treat medical causes of of psychological disorders are called....

Answer 46

Psychiatrists

Question 47

To master any subject, you must ..... process it

Answer 47

Actively

Question 48

The five steps to the SQ3R study method is -

Answer 48

``` Surgery Question Read Rehearse Review ```

Question 49

5 study tips -

Answer 49

``` Distribute study time Learn to think critically Listen actively Overlearn Be a smart test-taker ```