Chapter 1 ppt Flashcards
(32 cards)
What is psychological dysfunction?
A breakdown in cognitive, emotional, or behavioral functioning
What is personal distress?
A non-culturally expected response, whose definition depends on the person’s background and culture
What is a scientist-practitioner?
Those who are both producers and consumers of research, and utilize empirical methods
What does the supernatural tradition say about deviant behavior?
It says it’s a battle of good versus evil, and refers to it as demonic possession, witchcraft, sorcery, etc. Treatments included: exorcism, torture/beatings, crude surgeries, and leeches.
Where does the term lunacy come from?
The moon
True or false: major psychological disorders have existed in all cultures and across all time periods, but treatments vary widely across cultures and time
True
What does the Galenic-Hippocratic Tradition say?
That mental illness equals physical illness; that if you are experiencing psychological problems, it’s because you have imbalanced fluids (humors) in your body.
Define diathesis stress theory
the theory that mental and physical disorders develop from a genetic or biological predisposition for that illness (diathesis) combined with stressful conditions that play a precipitating or facilitating role.
What was one of Freud’s ideas that’s less well-known?
Coming up with the idea that talking to people can help them (therapy)
What did Freud think cocaine is a cure for?
Asthma, concentration problems, eating disorders, aphrodisiac, and morphine addiction
What is the freudian structure of the mind?
Id, ego, and superego
Define ‘id’ in the freudian structure of the mind
In psychoanalysis, the unconscious psychic entity present at birth representing basic drives.
Define ‘ego’ in the freudian structure of the mind
In psychoanalysis, the psychic entity responsible for finding realistic and practical ways to satisfy id drives
Define ‘superego’ in the freudian structure of the mind
In psychoanalysis, the psychic entity representing the internalized moral standards of parents and society
What are some examples of defense mechanisms?
Repression, sublimation, displacement, denial, rationalization, projection, and reaction formation
Who came up with the idea of a hierarchy of needs?
Abraham Maslow
What did Abraham Maslow contribute to the idea of ‘needs’?
He came up with the hierarchy of needs
What are the 5 sections of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs from top to bottom?
Self-actualization (maximizing one’s potential), Esteem (respect), Belongingness and love (acceptance, affection), Safety (nurturance, money), and Physiological (food, water, air)
What do defense mechanisms do?
They help you cope with guilt or anxiety
True or false: finding the “real problem” is one of the main ideas of therapy
True
True or false: therapy is usually long-term
True
What are two therapy techniques used by Freud?
Free association and dream analysis
What are transference and counter-transference problems?
When patients begin talking to their therapist like they’re a family member and vice-versa
What are the problems with Freud’s approach?
His concepts were rather abstract, and there is little evidence for the efficacy of his treatments and ideas
