Chapter 1 Science Inquiry Skills ✓ Flashcards
What are investigations?
Investigations uses scientific process to answer a question, explore an idea or solve a problem
What is a theory?
A theory is a set of concepts, claims or laws that can be used to explain or predict a wide range of observed events
What is a hypothesis?
An educated guess that links the independent and dependent variable and can be tested
Define independent variable
The variable that is being changed in the experiment
Define dependent variable
The variable that is being measured in the experiment
What is a variable?
A factor that can change
What is a control group?
A comparison group that is similar to the experimental group except the independent variable is absent
What are controlled variable?
Variables that are kept the same in an experiment
What is primary data?
Data that you have measured or collected yourself
What is secondary data?
Data that has been collected by someone else other than the person that conducted the experiment
What is qualitative data?
Data that is described
What is quantitative data?
Date is a presented numerically
What is continuous variable and give examples?
Variables that can take any possible value.
Examples include:
-Root length
-Arm length
What is discrete variables and give examples?
Variables that can only take fixed values.
Examples include:
-Number of electrons in an atom
What are the 3R’s when talking about animal ethics?
-Reduction: Only using the minimal number of animals needed to satisfy statistical requirements
-Refinement: Decrease in the incidence/impact of procedures applied to animals that are in need in research
-Replacement: Substituting living animals with a nervous system with animals that lack a nervous system (insentient animals)
What is the mean?
The average of a set of numbers
What is the median?
The central value in a data set
What is reliability?
The degree which an investigation produces consistent results per trial
What is validity?
The extent to which tests measure what was intended
What is accuracy?
How close or true a measurement is to the true or accepted value
How is reliable data achieved?
By repetition and replication of trials
What is extrapolation?
Extension beyond the measured range of data to predict new data that has not been found
What is interpolation?
Predicting a new data point that has not been measured but it is within the range of measured data
What improves reliability?
Increasing the number of trials
