Chapter 1 Structure And Function Of Exercising Muscle

Question 1

Smooth muscles

Answer 1

Involuntary muscle blood vessels and organs

Question 2

Cardiac muscle

Answer 2

Controlled by the autonomic nervous system located only in heart

Question 3

Skeletal muscles

Answer 3

Voluntary muscle 600 in body

Question 4

How many muscles in the body ?

Answer 4

600+

Question 5

Tendons

Answer 5

Connects muscle to bone (detects force)

Question 6

Ligament

Answer 6

Connects bone to bone (stability of joint)

Question 7

Epimysium (facia)

Answer 7

Outer connecting sheet surrounding muscle

Question 8

Muscle fiber

Answer 8

Individual muscle cells

Question 9

Myofibril

Answer 9

Contractile element of the skeletal muscle (rod like structure running length of muscle)

Question 10

Sarcoplasm

Answer 10

Gelatin like substance that fills in space around muscle

Glycogen and myoglobin stored inside

Question 11

Glycogen

Answer 11

Stored form of carbs

Question 12

Myoglobin

Answer 12

Oxidative enzymes (endurance athlete)

Question 13

Transverse tubule TTube

Answer 13

Electrical stimulus for action potential (way for electricity to get in)

Question 14

Sarcoplasimreticulum (sr)

Answer 14

Longitudinal network of tubes running length of muscle (contains calcium ions)

Question 15

Zlines

Answer 15

Are at the end of the sarcomere

Question 16

I bands

Answer 16

Region of sarcomere where there are onlyThin filaments

Question 17

A band

Answer 17

Region of sarcomere with thick and thin filaments

Question 18

H zone

Answer 18

Directly in middle of sarcomere shortens and lengthens depending on contraction

Question 19

M line

Answer 19

Stabilizing structure of sarcomere and attachment sight of thick filament

Question 20

Sarcomere

Answer 20

Run end to end in muscle like an accordion

Question 21

Myosin (protein)

Answer 21

Thick filament makes up 2/3 of skeletal muscle protein 2 protein strands twisted together
1 strand called myosinglobular head

Question 22

Actin (protein)

Answer 22

Thin filament made up of 3 protein molecules actin troponin tropomyosin

Question 23

Sliding filament theory

Answer 23

Muscle contraction

Question 24

Alpha motor neurons

Answer 24

Stimulating muscles
Dendrites receive signal
Muscles cannot contract unless they are connected to alpha motor
Responsible for delivering the action potential

Question 25

Events leading to muscle fiber contraction

Answer 25

``` Action potential Axon terminal Synaptic vesicles (ach released) Crosses neuromuscular junction Takes off and looks for t tubes Sarcolema Stimulates sarcoplasmic reticulum Releases calcium in muscle ```