Chapter 1 Terms Flashcards
Social psychology.
The scientific study of how people think about, influence, and relate to one another.
Social neuroscience.
An integration of biological and social perspectives that explores the neural and psychological bases of social and emotional behaviours.
Culture
The enduring behaviours, ideas, attitudes, traditions, products, and institutions shared by a large group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next.
Social representations
Socially shared beliefs; widely held ideas and values, including our assumptions and cultural ideologies. Our social representations help us makes sense of the world
Naturalistic fallacy
The error of defining what is good in terms of what is observable: e.g., what’s typical is normal; what’s normal is good.
Hindsight bias
The tendency to exaggerate, after learning an outcome, one’s ability to have foreseen how something turned out. AKA: I knew it all along phenomenon.
Theory
An integrated set of principles that explain and predict observed events
Hypothesis
A testable proposition that describes a relationship that may exist between events.
Field research
Research done in natural, real-life settings outside the lab
Correlational research
The study of the naturally occurring relationships among variables
Experimental research
Studies that seek clues to cause-effect relationships by manipulating one or more factors (independent variables) while controlling others.
Random sample
Survey procedure in which every person in the population being studied has an equal chance of inclusion.
Independent variable
The experimental factor that the researcher manipulators
Dependent variable
The variable being measured, so called because it may depend on manipulations of the independent variable.
Mundane realism
Degree to which an experiment is superficially similar to everyday situations.
