Chapter 1 Test Flashcards
(33 cards)
Distinguish between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
Prokaryotic cells: not separated by closed nucleus
Eukaryotic cells: internal membrane containing a nucleus
Describe the two major dynamic processes of any ecosystem
The cycling of nutrients: how organisms obtain their means of survival
The flow of energy from sunlight to producers to consumers: producers convert sunlight to energy, consumers feed in producers
Describe the basic structure and function of DNA
Two single strands composing a double helix. A gene carrier from parent to offspring
Emergent properties
The result of the arrangement and interactions of parts as complexity increases
Distinguish between positive and negative feedback
Positive feedback: end product speeds up it’s production
Negative feedback: end product of a process slows that process
Distinguish between the 3 domains of life
Domain bacteria- contains bacteria and is the most widespread and diverse prokaryotes
Domain archaea- lives in earths extreme environments
Domain eukarya- includes Protists, plants, fungi, and animals
Distinguish between the 3 kingdoms of multicellular, eukaryotic life
Plantae- consists of organisms that carry out photosynthesis
Fungi- absorb nutrients after decomposing organic material
Anamalia- ingest other organisms
Example of the unity of life
The structure and function of DNA
Observations and inferences of Charles Darwin
Individual variation- individuals vary in inherited traits
Overproduction and competition: more offspring compete for limited resources
Unequal reproductive success: best traits for environment will make more offspring
Evolutionary Adaptation: population evolves
Treelike form
Clearly represents each species extending from a common ancestor
Scientific inquiry
Search for info and explanation, often focusing on a specific question
Distinguish between discovery and hypothesis based science
Discovery: describes natural structure and process through observation
Hypothesis based: gives a tentative answer and explanation upon trial
Distinguish between quantitative and qualitative data
Quantitative- measurements
Qualitative- recorded description
Controlled experiment
Experimental group is compared with a control group
Biosphere
All environments on earth
Ecosystem
All living and non living things in an area
Communities
All organisms in an ecosystem
Population
All individuals of a species in a particular area
Organisms
An individual living thing
Organs and organ systems
Specialized body parts made of tissues
Tissues
A group of similar cells
Cells
Life’s fundamental unit of structure and function
Organelles
A structure complement of a cell
Molecules
A chemical structure consisting of atoms
