Chapter 1 - The Foundations of Ethics Flashcards
(32 cards)
What is the definition of ethics?
The study of what is morally right, wrong, good and bad.
What is applied ethics?
The use of moral standards in making decisions about ethical issues.
Define critical thinking.
Informed and logical problem solving.
What are ethical or moral issues?
Questions, problems, situations, or actions that contain matters of moral right or wrong.
What are ethical or moral principles?
Guidelines of ethical behavior; the should statements of ethics. “I should treat people the way I want to be treated.”
What are virtues?
Characteristics or personal dispositions like self-control, courage, integrity and generosity.
What are values?
Priorities like beliefs, qualities, traditions, or standards such as freedom or equality.
What are moral judgments?
conclusions as to whether specific actions are ethically right or wrong
Define morals.
Actions that are judged to be consistent with good ethical thinking and decision making.
What does immoral mean?
Actions that are contrary to good moral reasoning.
What does nonmoral refer to?
Behaviors that have no moral effects on others.
What is relativism?
The belief that what is morally right and wrong varies from one person to another.
Define absolutism.
The belief that all morals are the same for everyone.
What is legalism?
The belief that ethics are unnecessary because we have laws to govern people’s behavior.
What does the statement ‘ethics is larger than the law’ imply?
Ethical standards must precede the laws that exist to enforce them.
What is an example of an ethical issue?
The death penalty, vegetarianism, food waste, child labor, and euthanasia.
What did Martin Luther King Jr. mean by ‘an unjust law’?
A law that is morally wrong, or bad, and degrades human personality.
In your own words, explain relativism.
Morals differ from one person to another.
In your own words, explain absolutism.
Certain morals are correct and anyone who disagrees is looked down upon.
In your own words, explain legalism.
If laws exist, then what is the point of having a moral code?
What constitutes academic misconduct?
Tampering with grades or obtaining or distributing any graded assignment.
What is bribery in the context of academic misconduct?
Offering, giving, receiving, or soliciting materials to gain academic advantage.
Define collusion.
Working with another person on an academic undertaking for which a student is individually responsible.
What is conspiracy in academic misconduct?
Planning or acting with others to commit any form of academic dishonesty.
