Chapter 10,11,12 Flashcards
(21 cards)
Gel electrophoresis separates DNA fragments because?
the DNA fragments have different lengths
Genetic profiles are used to determine whether Sam could be the father of Becky’s baby. Sam is not the father if_____ genetic profile shows some bands not present in ______ genetic profile.
the baby’s…….. Sam’s or Becky’s
Adding a functioning version of the defective gene to the cells of an individual involves
Gene Therapy
Why is DNA profiling used?
every person has a unique DNA sequence
Why, of all cell types, do embryonic stem cells have the greatest potential for use in the treatment of diseases?
They are undifferentiated cells that have the potential to differentiate into all of the different specialized cells of the body
What is the world’s first genetically engineered pharmaceutical product?
Humulin
An animal containing a gene from another species is known as?
Transgenic
Genetically modifying human___ cells may directly affect future generations.
gametic
Opponents of genetically modified foods are concerned about a variety of issues, including____.
the possibility that transgenic plants may cross-pollinate with wild strains, introducing foreign genes
Using a cell taken from a multicellular organism to grow a genetically identical new organism is called
Cloning
Archaeologists unearthed a human skull with a small dried fragment of the scalp still attached. They extracted a tiny amount of DNA from the scalp tissue. How could they obtain sufficient DNA for an analysis of the ancient human’s genes?
By using the polymerase chain reaction
Ethical dilemmas raised by DNA technology and knowledge of the human genome include_____.
- the potential for interfering in evolution
- the potential discrimination against people predisposed to certain diseases
- the appropriateness of creating new plants, animals, and microorganisms
-the safety of GM foods
Recombinant DNA technology can be best described as?
combining genes from different species
Recombinant DNA tech has provided a mechanism for nonhuman cells to produce?
human proteins
What is the difference between embryonic and adult stem cells?
Embryonic stem cells are undifferentiated ; adult stem cells are partially differentiated
In frogs, when the nucleus of an intestinal cell of a tadpole is transferred to an egg whose nucleus has been removed (nuclear transportation), some of the eggs will develop into normal tadpoles. What does this demonstrate?
that differentiated cells have retained all of their genetic potential
What is an example of a transgenic organism?
A bacterium with human gene for producing insulin
The process of accurately amplifying a sample of DNA is called?
the polymerase chain reaction
Gel electrophoresis separates pieces of DNA based on
Size
A supplemental appendix is to book as a _____ is to a bacterial chromosome.
Plasmid
Because there are potential risks associated with the use of biotechnology in agriculture,_____.
potential risks associated with biotechnology should be evaluated by a variety of U.S. regulatory agencies
