Chapter 10 Flashcards
What is Taxonomies
(1) A category of items that share the same essence, such as trees or tools
What is Story Grammar
Components and rules, collectively
Forms a narrative framework
The internal structure of a story.
What is a Metaphor
A comparison is implied, such as “ She kept a hawk-eyed surveillance.”
What is a Similes
Is an explicit comparison, usually introduced by like or as, such as, “ He ran like a frightened rabbit”
Define Shading
Modifying a focus of the topic, as a means of gradually moving from one topic to another while maintaining some continuity in the conversation.
What is story grammar
Usually there is setting+ episode structure
Explain the basic elements of a story
(1) Setting Statement- introduces the character, describes the habitual action.
(2) Initiating Event- Event induces the character to act through some natural act.
(3) Internal Response- Characters reactions such as emotional responses, thoughts, or intentions.
(4) Internal Plan- Indicates te characters’ strategies for attaining their goals.
(5) Attempt- Overt actions of the characters to bring about some consequences, attain their goal
(6) Direct Consequence- Characters’ success of failure at attaining their goals
(7) Reactions- Characters’ emotional response, thought, or actions to the outcome.
How are American students performing academically compared to students in other countries of the word?
U.S ranks 4th in the world for per people spending,
We are much more lower than other countries in the math and reading
American 15 year old middle zone in reading near bottom in math. following Estonia and Solvenia
What are the components of Metalinguistic skills?
Toddlers 1. Monitors own utterances: Repairs spontaneously, Adjusts speech to different listeners
Preschoolers 2. Checks the results of own utterance: Checks whether the listener has understood; if not, repair or try again, Comments explicitly on own utterances and those of others, Corrects others
3. Test for reality: Decides whether a word or sentence "works" in furthering listener understanding.
4. Attempts to learn language deliberately: Applies appropriate inflection to new words, practices speech styles of different roles.
School Age 5. Predicts the consequences of using particular forms inflections, words, phrases, and sentences; Judges utterances as appropriate for a specific listener or setting, Corrects word order and wording in sentences judged as wrong.
6. Reflects on an utterance (structure independent of use); Identifies specific linguistic units (sounds, syllables, words, sentences), Provides definitions of words, Constructs puns, riddles, or other forms of humor, Explains why some sentences are possible and how to interpret them., Judges utterance correctness.
What is the differences between mass nouns and count nouns?
Mass Nouns are Homogenous, non individual substances (water, sand, air).
Count Nouns heterogeneous individual objects (pencil, tomato, girl)
What are derivational suffixes?
Those that change word classes are a much larger set of bound morphemes and are usually used to change the part of speech of the base word. such as hood or ment, changes a verb like attach to attachment , but can not be used on simple verbs like eat, drink, or talk.
Many Students with language impairments have difficulty with the er suffix. Explain the 3 uses of the er suffix that you will probably need to teach these students.
- Acquired to mark the interaction of an action(painter, preacher) mastered around 8 ( derivational morpheme)
- Marks an instrument for accomplishing a action (eraser, blower) mastered around 11.
- Used as comparative (smaller stronger) mastered in med elementary school.
Children need to learn how to organize the words they learn, Describe how they do this through creating taxonomies and themes.
Younger children relate to themes
As a child gets older, taxonomies are more prevalent
In therapy we call taxonomies working on categories
What is slow mapping?
A child adds features beyond the functional and physical aspects of something.
For example:
At 5 years, they think of a dog as a furry animal that barks.
At 12 years they think of a dog as a furry animal that barks and is a mammal that has descended for wolves and is carnivorous.
In classrooms, children must master the I-R-E Format. What is this format? Explain
Conversation that the Teacher Initiates, the Child responds and Teacher Evaluates Child response. Initate, -Respond- Evaluate
