Chapter 11 Roseberry Flashcards
(43 cards)
Why are early life experiences important for a child?
Because if the child comes to kindergarten with limited oral language and minimal meta linguistic skills he/she is already behind.
What does research on “all day kindergarten” (www.education.com) show?
It shows that children can have positive impacts on social and academic skills.
Written language skills are based on what two factors?
They are based on environment and genetics.
In which area do genetic factors play a dominant role?
The development of reading.
When a child is struggling with reading skills, what are the questions educators ask?
Educators ask if there is a family history of reading difficulties from a uncle, aunt or grandparent for example.
What does the process of reading require?
It requires decontextualized (removed from the usual context) language processing and good narrative skills.
What do poor readers exhibit?
They exhibit poor narrative skills (ability to describe things and events and to tell stories).
In the field, what do speech therapists work on to improve reading skills?
Therapists build on narrative skills to improve reading ability.
What does decoding print mean?
It means to break down a word into its component sounds and then blending them together to form a recognizable word.
What is phonological awareness?
Is the knowledge of sounds and syllables and of the sound structure of words.
Why is PA (phonological awareness) skills essential to good reading?
PA skills are essential to good reading because they are the best predictor of spelling in elementary school.
What are some good phonological awareness skills to teach students?
Rhyming, identifying number of syllables in a word, identifying first and last sound of words.
What does Tambyraja, Farquharson, Logan, & Justice research study show regarding decoding skills in children with language impairment (2015)?
Study shows that phonological skills in the Fall significantly predicted Spring decoding outcomes.
What must a speech therapist focus on during treatment of reading skills? Why?
Therapists should focus on phonological skills because they impact reading ability.
What is morphological awareness?
Is the recognition, understanding and use of word parts that carry significance.
Why is morphological awareness important for students?
Because students need to understand that word prefixes, suffixes, inflections, and root words are all morphemes which can be taken away from or added to words to change their meaning.
How does a strong morphological awareness skill help students?
It helps students with decoding, spelling, comprehension, and oral language.
What were some of the strategies that worked in the study of morphological awareness training on reading?
Discussions of rules. For example: adding -ly means that an adjective becomes an adverb; and adverb is an adjective that modifies a verb.
What are some additional examples of the study findings?
Word sorts. For example: stack words into piles based on affixes such as -ly and -able. Separating affixes from base words and then joining them. ex: fix+able.
How did the skills learned in the study helped children?
It helped the children increase their vocabulary knowledge through using the words in different contexts.
How is meaning constructed in reading at the basic level?
Meaning is actively constructed by the interaction of words and sentences with personal meanings and experiences.
What is Dynamic literacy at the highest level ?
When the reader is able to relate content to other knowledge.
What are the six factors in reading fluency (wpm)?
- Phonological awareness (how words sound)
2 Visual Perception (ability to interpret the environment) - Print awareness (how words look)
- Word recognition (sight words)
- Speed of lexical (word retrieval)
- Higher level language and conceptual knowledge
What does prereading mean in reading development?
It is a social partnership rather than a formal instruction where parents and children read together.
