Chapter 10 Flashcards
(14 cards)
- Ph.D in 1903; Universtiy of Chicago
- intentionally founded school of thought
- specifically attacked structural psychology and functional psychology
John Watson (1878-1958)
-Pyschology as the behavorist views it(1913)
-etablishes behavorism; what is: objecitve, experimental
what is not: introspective, mentalistic.
-terms like “mind” “conscientiousness” had no place in behavorism
-studied animal behavior
- subject matter: elements of behavior
explicit & implicit
-Goal: prediction & control of behavior (from stimulus response units to stimulus response complexes to specific laws of behavior
John Watson (1878-1958)
overt, directly or potentially observable
hint: behavior
explicit behavior
watson
inside organism, if observable by instrumentation; includes muscular movements, glandular secretions, nerve impulses and emotion
hint: behaivor
implicit behavior
watson
- correlated learning ability at different ages with degree of myelination
- concluded that degree of mylenation unrelated to learning ability
- dissertation(1903) : an experimental study on the psychical development of the white rat, correlated with the growth of its nervous system (animal education)
John Watson (1878-1958)
- worked with Angell
- faculty position at Johns Hopkins in Baltimore
- chair of dept and editor of psychological review
- Psychology from the standpoint of a behaviorist(1919) original article expanded
John Watson (1878-1958)
- behavorism (1925) hailed as highly significant by popular press
- “give me a dozen healthy infants”
- book offered means for personal improvement; adult problems stem from childhood conditioning; so study child development and control conditioning of children
Watson successfully promoting psychology
- worked with Rosalie Rayner
- Little Albert-conditioned emotional response research
- albert showed learned fear response, which generalized to other stimuli
John Watson (1878-1958)
-worked with J. walter
-studied how motivation influenced shopping behavior
-final move to William Esty
company-advertising executive (1935)
Watson in advertising
- 1st professor of psychology at Univ. of Wisconsin
- APA president in 1900
- wrote for popular press; daily newspaper column from 1928-1932”keeping mentally fit”
- active in exposing charlatans- mediums, physics, e.t.c
Joseph Jastrow (1863-1944)
“mother of behavior therapy”
- recognized developer of systematic desensitization: behavior therapy method.
- Peter and rabbit: Jones deconditioned peter (3yrs old) by pairing the presence of a feared rabbit with a preferred activity for peter (eating food)
Mary Cover Jones (1896-1987)
- Student at Watson at Johns Hopkins;
- then professor at univ. of minnesota, chicago, harvard
- research, brain mechanisms of learning and memory (physiological psychology)
- sought the “engram” - locus of memory
- brain mechanisms and intelligence: A quantitative stud of injuries to the brain
Karl Lashley (1890-1958)
- profesorship at Harvard after munsterberg died
- chaired psychology at duke; displayed intellectual tolerance for diverse psychologies; including parapsychology
- hormic psychology (impulse psychology)
- psychological activity has a purpose (goal) that moves the individual to action; propelling force is urge, or instinct
- introduction to social psychology (1908)
William McDougall (1871-1938)
Watson- Mcdougall debate in Washington, DC at the Psychology Club (Feb 5, 1924)
heredity vs. environment
William McDougall (1871-1938)
