Chapter 10

Question 1

Kinetic Molecular Theory

Answer 1

Based on the idea that particles of matter are always in motion

Question 2

Ideal Gas

Answer 2

An imaginary gas that perfectly fits all assumptions of kinetic-molecular theory
-Gases consist of large numbers of tiny particles that are far apart
relative to size
-Collisions between gas particles and container walls are elastic collisions
-Gas particles are in continuous, rapid, random motion; possess kinetic energy
-No forces of attraction or repulsion between gas particles
-Average kinetic energy of gas particles depends on temperature of the gas

Question 3

Elastic Collision

Answer 3

One in which there is no net loss of kinetic energy

Question 4

Fluids

Answer 4

Gases and liquids, both particles flow past each other

Question 5

Diffusion

Answer 5

Spontaneous mixing of two substances caused by random motion

Question 6

Effusion

Answer 6

Process by which gas particles pass through a tiny opening

Question 7

Real Gas

Answer 7

Gas that does not behave completely according to the assumptions of the kinetic-molecular theory

Question 8

Pressure (P) and Conversions

Answer 8

Defined as force per unit area on a surface
-Pascal:Pa:SI Pressure unit
1Pa=1N/m^2
-Mm mercury:mm Hg:pressure that supports mercury column in barometer
-Torr
1 torr=1 mm Hg
-Atmosphere:atm:average atmospheric presumable at sea level, 0 C
1 atm=760 mm Hg
760 torr
1.01325 x 10^5 Pa
101.325 kPa

Question 9

Millimeters Mercury

Answer 9

• 1mm Hg

- AKA 1 Torr

Question 10

Atmosphere of Pressure (atm)

Answer 10

Exactly equivalent to 760 mm Hg

Question 11

Pascal (Pa)

Answer 11

Pressure exerted by a force of one newton acting on an area of one square meter

Question 12

Standard Temperature and Pressure

Answer 12

1 atm pressure and 0 degrees C

Question 13

Boyle’s Law

Answer 13

Pressure-volume relationship
-P1V1=P2V2

-Volume of a fixed mass varies inversely with the pressure at constant temperature. If pressure of gas sample at constant temp. changes, volume changes

Question 14

Charles’ Law

Answer 14

Volume-temperature relationship
-V1/T1=V2/T2

-Volume of a fixed mass of gas at constant pressure varies directly with the Kelvin temperature

Question 15

Kelvin

Answer 15

273 degrees Celcius

Question 16

Gay-Lussac’s Law

Answer 16

Pressure of a fixed mass of gas at constant volume varies directly with Kelvin temperature
-P1/T1=P1/T2

Question 17

STP

Answer 17

Volume occupied at STP (standard temperature and pressure) is known as standard molar volume of gas
-22.4 L

Question 18

Ideal Gas Equation

Answer 18

PV=nRT

P-pressure
V-volume
n-number of moles
R-ratio .0821L x atm/(mol x K)