Chapter 10 - Affiliation Motivation

Question 1

what is the affiliation motive?

Answer 1

the need to associate with others and maintain social bonds; includes companionship, friendship, and love.

Question 2

What does the belongingness hypothesis (Baumeister & Leary, 1995) propose?

Answer 2

Humans have a pervasive need to form and maintain at least a minimum quantity of lasting, positive, and significant interpersonal relationships.

Question 3

why can social exclusion (like being left out of a party) feel so painful?

Answer 3

because it denies our fundamental need to belong, threatening our sense of self and well-being.

Question 4

how are humans different from animals like bears or bald eagles in terms of social needs?

Answer 4

unlike solitary animals, humans are social and suffer psychologically and physically from isolation.

Question 5

According to Baumeister & Leary (1995), why did the need to belong evolve?

Answer 5

belonging provided survival and reproductive advantages like food sharing, childcare, protection, and mating opportunities.

Question 6

what are some psychological consequences of being ostracized or isolated?

Answer 6

anxiety, jealousy, depression, and other negative emotional states.

Question 7

define ostracism

Answer 7

ostracism involves being ignored and excluded by others in your social environment.

Question 8

What was Amanda Todd’s story an example of?

Answer 8

the emotional and psychological consequences of ostracism and cyberbullying.

Question 9

What are the typical stages people go through after being ostracized (Williams, 2007)?

Answer 9

initial pain followed by attempts to restore belonging and a sense of meaningful existence (e.g., efforts to reconnect, seek acceptance, and regain a sense of social worth).

Question 10

how does ostracism affect the brain?

Answer 10

it activates brain regions associated with physical pain and unexpected outcomes.

*ostracism causes REAL pain