Chapter 10 & 11

Question 1

Conquistador

Answer 1

the word that the Spanish used to describe the leader of an expedition to colonize other lands

Question 2

Muskets

Answer 2

long, rifle-like guns that were fired from the shoulder

Question 3

Intermediary

Answer 3

Someone who acts as a go-between or mediator between to people or groups of people

Question 4

Reconquista

Answer 4

The Christian reconquest of Spain from the Muslims

Question 5

Smallpox

Answer 5

A serious disease that causes fever, rash, and most often death

Question 6

Who is Governor Velasquez?

Answer 6

• Conquered Cuba
• Was in charge of Cuba
• Cortes was his underlining
• was a conquistador
• Tried to stop Cortes’ expedition

Question 7

What is the Franciscan Order?

Answer 7

A group of Catholic priests who took a vow of poverty, chasity, and obedience and worked with the poor and lower classes

Question 8

Encomienda

Answer 8

A Spanish system that gave Spanish settlers and grants when they arrived in a colony

Question 9

Mestizos

Answer 9

Person of mixed race of Spanish and Aztecs decent

Question 10

Who is Malinche?

Answer 10

• An intermediary for Cortes-between him and Moctezuma
• Could speak both Mayan and Nahuatl (Aztec)
• Learned Spanish and was known as Dona Marina.
• Without her help, Cortes would not have succeeded; she was his spy and adviser.

Question 11

Caliphate

Answer 11

Jurisdiction of Islamic Rule

Question 12

Spanish Inquisition

Answer 12

State-run system of courts where non-Catholics were put on trial

Question 13

Viceroy

Answer 13

A monarchs representative in a colony

Question 14

Flower Wars

Answer 14

Conflicts started in order to take slaves and sacrificial victim

Question 15

What is the Day of the Dead ceremony?

Answer 15

Mexicans celebrate Day of the Dead on November 2. People pray for dead family members, hoping their prayers will help the souls get to heaven.
They would put images of the dead on the altar in their home from the Aztec tradition.

Question 16

What were the main reasons for the Spanish deciding to conquer the Aztecs?

Answer 16

Gold-They wanted to replenish their empty supply
Glory-They were chivalric people
God-They wanted to convert people into Christianity

Question 17

Why was Cortes so determined to take over and rule Tenochtitlan?

Answer 17

Gold

Question 18

How did the Aztec’s worldview change after the Spanish conquest?

Answer 18

• Thought the Gods had abandoned them:
  - Were converted to Catholics
  - Viewed the Franciscans as superior
  - Burned their temples
• Perceived a stronger power in the Spanish:
  - Enslaved
  - Scared
  - Intermarriage ->Mestizo
• Created the nation of the Mexicans
  - A hybrid culture of the Spanish and Aztecs

Question 19

What were the main changes that Cortes made in New Spain?

Answer 19

• Encomienda

- Marriage Laws

Question 20

What are the main events by the Spanish that led to the collapse of the Aztec empire? (14 points)

Answer 20

1. Colonized Hispaniola
2. Velasquez conquered Cuba
3. Cortes established Veracruz
4. Spanish marched toward Tenochtitlan
5. Aztecs invited Cortes to Tenochtitlan
6. Cortes finds gold in the palace
7. Kidnaps Moctezuma
8. Velasquez goes to Veracruz
9. Cortes fights Velasquez ->Cortes wins and takes army
10. Riots in Tenochtitlan ->Moctezuma is killed
11. Cortes returns and Spanish are kicked out of Tenochtitlan
12. Smallpox epidemic
13. Siege of Tenochtitlan
14. Spanish conquest of the Aztecs

Question 21

In 2003, what epidemic caused 44 deaths in Canada?

Answer 21

SARS epidemic

Question 22

What is the order of events of the Battle of Tenochtitlan? (13 points)

Answer 22

1. Cortes kidnapped Moctezuma
2. Cortes pillages the royal palace
3. Cortes’ troops arrive at Veracruz
4. Cortes faces Velasquez and leaves Alvarado in charge
5. Alvarado massacres dancers at Aztec festival
6. Cortes defeats Velasquez ->takes his men
7. Riots in Tenochtitlan
8. Cortes makes Moctezuma talk to Aztecs; He gets stoned to death (Spanish?)
9. Spanish force out of Tenochtitlan
10. Smallpox-25% of Aztecs dead
11. Spanish return
12. Besiege city for 80 days; cut off aqueducts
13. Aztecs defeated

Question 23

In the Encomienda system, what roles did the Aztecs play?

Answer 23

They were put on the land used by Spanish and force to work as slaves.