Chapter 10: Animal Diversity Part I

Question 1

What are the three characteristics all animals share?

Answer 1

1. Multicellular
2. Heterotrophic
3. Have collagen

Question 2

What are 3 characteristics of all Porifera?

Answer 2

1. aquatic
2. lack of symmetry
3. lack true organ tissue

Question 3

Sponges “eat” by…?

Answer 3

filter feeding- drawing water into the small external Ostia by means of beating flagella of the choanocytes and out through the osculum

Question 4

mesohyl

Answer 4

gelatinous mixture that holds choanocytes, internal body cells, and external body cells

Question 5

spongin

Answer 5

a special protein found in the mesohyl of sponges

Question 6

spicules

Answer 6

extracellular calcium carbonate or silica that function as a skeleton

Question 7

totipotency

Answer 7

most body cells can generate an entire organism given the right conditions

Question 8

choanocytes

Answer 8

flagellated cells with gelatinous collars of microvilli surrounding a flagellum

Question 9

gemmules

Answer 9

small, budding cell groups that are produces by a form of asexual reproduction

Question 10

Do Porifera have true tissue?

Answer 10

no

Question 11

Cnidaria are diploblastic. T or F?

Answer 11

T

Question 12

Diploblastic

Answer 12

true tissues and posses two germ layers

Question 13

What are the two germ laters?

Answer 13

ectoderm and endoderm

Question 14

Ectoderm

Answer 14

forms outer epidermis

Question 15

Endoderm

Answer 15

forms inner gastrodermis

Question 16

Cnidaria have mesoderm layer. T or F?

Answer 16

F

Question 17

Cnidarians have _______ symmetry

Answer 17

radial

Question 18

polyp

Answer 18

sessile stage

Question 19

medusa

Answer 19

free-swimming stage

Question 20

cnidocytes

Answer 20

found in some cnidaria that have contain special stinging cells

Question 21

nematocyst

Answer 21

a specialized stinging cell found on cnidocytes on cnidaria

Question 22

What are nematocysts used for?

Answer 22

food capture and defense

Question 23

cnidarians have an __________ digestive system

Answer 23

incomplete

Question 24

the cells inside the blastula are ___ derm and the cells on the outside the blastula are ___ derm

Answer 24

endoderm

exoderm

Question 25

the ____derm will become the nervous system and the epidermis

Answer 25

ectoderm

Question 26

the ____derm will develop into the musculature and the red blood cells

Answer 26

mesoderm

Question 27

deuterostomes

Answer 27

have both and anus and a mouth (anus develops first)

Question 28

triploblastic organisms exhibit _______ symmetry

Answer 28

bilateral

Question 29

lophotrochozoa have ________ and _________

Answer 29

trochozoa or lophophore

Question 30

What are the 5 types of lophotrochozoan phylum?

Answer 30

1. Platyhelminthes 2. Rotifera 3. Brachiopoda 4. Mollusca 5. Annelida

Question 31

Playhelminthese are also known as..?

Answer 31

Flatworms

Question 32

aceolomates

Answer 32

loss of coelom from earlier ancestry

Question 33

what are the hosts for liver fluke?

Answer 33

humans, fish, and snails

Question 34

Scolex

Answer 34

anchors parasite to the host

Question 35

Proglottids

Answer 35

sex organs

Question 36

What is the commonage of Rotifera?

Answer 36

Wheel Animals

Question 37

Pseudocoel

Answer 37

a fluid filled cavity that surrounds the gut tube

Question 38

Corona

Answer 38

cilia on the head

Question 39

Mastax

Answer 39

jaw like muscular structure used to crush food

Question 40

What is the major evolutionary advancement of the phylum Rotifera?

Answer 40

complete digestive system (mouth and anus)

Question 41

Epizoic

Answer 41

live on the surface go other animals

Question 42

Mollusca include what common animals?

Answer 42

snails, clams, and squid

Question 43

Mollusca have a true coelom. T or F?

Answer 43

T

Question 44

mesenteries

Answer 44

connect the gut dorsally and ventrally and serve as an electrostatic skeleton that absorbs the shock and stabilizes other organs

Question 45

Annelida are known as what more commonly?

Answer 45

segmented worms

Question 46

What is the difference between earthworms and mollusks?

Answer 46

Annelida have segmented body plan

Question 47

The coelom in annelids is divided into segments called __________ by _______

Answer 47

metameres | septa

Question 48

peristaltic movement

Answer 48

crawling and burrowing is achieved by alternating waves of contraction of longitudinal and circular muscle passing down the body

Question 49

parapodia

Answer 49

appendages on most segments that are mainly used for crawling, swimming, and anchoring

Question 50

setae

Answer 50

bristle like hairs that are used for digging and anchoring

Question 51

clitellum

Answer 51

a reproductive structure that secretes mucus

Question 52

Leeches lack parapodia and setae. T or F?

Answer 52

T

Question 53

Ecdysozoa

Answer 53

the clade of animals that develop a tendency to grow larger by molting their outer layers of cells

Question 54

cuticle

Answer 54

the outer layers of cells

Question 55

ecdysis

Answer 55

molting

Question 56

Nematoda are commonly known as...?

Answer 56

Roundworms

Question 57

Nematodes are _____coelomates

Answer 57

pseudo

Question 58

is a pseudocoel is a synapomorphy?

Answer 58

no

Question 59

What are some common animals within the arthropoda?

Answer 59

insects, spiders, centipedes, and millipedes

Question 60

What are 4 characteristics of arthropoda?

Answer 60

1. segmented body 2. paired jointed appendages 3. complex muscular system 4. exoskeleton

Question 61

Which phylum lacks organized tissue?

Answer 61

Porifera

Question 62

Which phylum is diploblastic and characterized by cnidocytes?

Answer 62

Cnidaria

Question 63

What phylum are triploblastic?

Answer 63

flatworms, Rotifera, Mollusca, annelida, Nematoda, and arthropoda

Question 64

Which phylum are lophotrochozoa?

Answer 64

flatworms, Rotifera, Mollusca, and annelida

Question 65

Which phyla are Ecdysozoa?

Answer 65

Nematoda and Anthropoda

Question 66

What is the order from oldest to newest of the phylum?

Answer 66

Porifera, cnidaria, Platyhelminthes, Rotifera, Mollusca, annelida, Nematoda, Arthropoda