Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Biology Lab II > Lab 5: Viridiplantae Diversity > Flashcards

Lab 5: Viridiplantae Diversity Flashcards

(78 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What group is most closely related to the first land plants?

A

Charophytes (green algae)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What were the four environmental aspects of living on land instead of in water that the first Basal plants needed to be able to adapt to?

A
  1. Variance in temperature
  2. Variance in moisture
  3. variance in gravitational force
  4. substrate that would thrive
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How does the cuticle of a plant help it live on land?

A

helps reduce water loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are pores of a plant that open and close called?

A

stromata

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the vascular tissue of a plant specialized for?

A

transporting water and nutrients and basic structural support

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the two purposes of a plant root system?

A

anchor the plant and absorb minerals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

List the following in order seed plants, flowering plants, and non-vascular plants from oldest to youngest

A

NV plants, seed plants, flowering plants

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is an embryophyte?

A

an embryo of a plant that is retained within and dependent on the gametophyte for nutrients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the shared synapomorphy between charophytes and land plants?

A

chlorophyll b

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

In Bryophyta (mosses) what stage of the plant life cycle is dominant?

A

the gametophyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Bryophyta gives rise to stationary sperm and mobile eggs. T or F?

A

F,

Bryophyta give rise to mobile sperm and stationary eggs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Why does most Bryophyta remain relatively small?

A

because they lack vascular tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What phylum do liverworts, hornworts and mosses belong to?

A

Bryophyta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

If a sporophyte has an apical meristem what does that mean?

A

that new tissue is produced from the tip

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The gametophyte generation of the phylum Bryophyta are characterized by a leafy _____ with a ______ and multicellular _________

A

thallus, cuticle, and rhizoids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the structure responsible for producing spores via meiosis located at the tip of a Bryophyta sporophyte?

A

Sporangia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the synapomorphy of Bryophyta?

A

the cuticle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the synapomorphy of the Lycophyta?

A

vascular tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Vascular tissue of the seedless vascular plants consists of a _______ and a ______ that transport water and food

A

xylem and phloem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The xylem of seedless plants is composed of vascular cells called __________

A

tracheids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Vascular plants do not have stomata. T or F?

A

F

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Are the sperm of the seedless vascular plants mobile?

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the dominant generation in seedless vascular plants?

A

sporophyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

In the gametophyte independent or dependent of the sporophytes in vascular seedless plants?

A

independent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What is a rhizome?
A rhizome is an underground stem from which roots grow out of
26
Herbaceous means that a plant never developed wood. T or F?
T
27
What kind of leaves are specific to lycophyta?
microphylls
28
Is water necessary for fertilization in Lycophyta?
yes
29
What is the main difference between Lycophyta and Pterophyta?
their leaves | Lyco have micro and Ptero have mega
30
In Pterophyta (like horsetails) what is unique about the function of their leaves?
they are not photosynthetic
31
Where are the sporangia located in Pterophyta (like horsetails)?
At the top of the stalk in the strobili
32
Are the sporangia of horsetails hetero or homosporous?
homo
33
On Pterophyta (like ferns) where are the spores produced?
in the sori
34
What are the sori?
the rough under bumps of fern fronds
35
All ferns are homosporous as well. T or F?
F, many are hetero
36
List the dominate generation for all phylum of plants.
NV and green algae are gametophyte everything else is sporophyte
37
What is the synapomorphy of gymnosperms?
seeds
38
What is different about the spores in a gymnosperm?
spores remain on parent sporophyte, the gametophyte develops in the ovule (seed), and then the seed is dispersed and grows into an individual sporophyte
39
All seed plants are heterosporous. T or F?
T
40
What are megaspores?
spores that produce female gametophytes with eggs
41
What are microspores?
spores that produce male gametophytes with sperm
42
Where does the development of spores into the gametophyte occur within gymnosperms?
in the sporophyte
43
What is pollen?
an immature male gametophyte
44
What is the difference between Gymno and Angio sperms regarding the location of the seeds?
Gymno- seeds are naked | Angio- seeds are found in ovary
45
In gymnosperms where does alternation of generations take place?
Within cones of the sporophyte
46
What is a monoecious plant?
A plant that contains both male and female cones
47
What is a dioecious plant?
A plant that has separate female and male plants
48
The female ovuliferous cones, specialized reproductive structures called ______ contains _____________ where meiosis produces for ___________
ovules megasporangium megaspores
49
How does a Coniferaphyta produce the female gametophyte with an egg?
via mitosis of one of the four megaspores
50
How does the Coniferaphyta produce the male gametophyte with a sperm?
microsporangia undergo meiosis to produce microspores which undergo mitosis to produce the male gametophyte containing sperm
51
What is the male gametophyte of Coniferaphyta?
the pollen grain
52
What is the difference between the male and female cones?
female: catches pollen, larger, harder, and typically located at the top of the tree male: releases pollen, smaller, softer, typically found at the end branches of the tree (more near bottom)
53
What is the synapomorphy of angiosperms?
fruit, flowers, male sporangia in anther and 2x fertilization
54
Male sporangia in angiosperms are located within the _________
anther
55
Female reproductive structure is the ______ contained within the ________
ovary, carpal
56
Inside the ovary are ________
ovules
57
Where are the female megasporangia located?
Within its ovules
58
How does the pollen get to the ovule?
via pollen tube (PLANT PENIS?!!!!!!)
59
What ploidy is the endosperm nucleus?
tiploid
60
What is the function of the endosperm?
essentially the "yolk" of the growing embryo (gives nutrients)
61
What part of the plant are you consuming when eating an apple?
the ovary
62
What are sepals?
the stem petals
63
What are petals?
The part of the flower that is colorful (other than green usually)
64
What is a squad of petals called?
corolla
65
what is the male reproductive organ of a flower?
the stamen
66
What is the female reproductive organ of a flower?
carpel
67
What are the two parts of the stamen?
The anther (head) and the filament (shaft)
68
Where are pollen grains produced?
anther
69
Flowers only have one carpel. T or F?
F
70
What is the terminal tip of the carpel?
the stigma
71
What is the function of the stigma?
to catch pollen
72
List the life cycle of charophytes starting with their dominant generation (include their ploidy and their mechanism towards the next step)
Gametophyte mc (N), mitosis, Gametes (n), fertilization, zygote (2n), meiosis, spore (n), mitosis, gametophyte (n)
73
List the life cycle of a general plant starting with their dominant generation (include their ploidy and their mechanism towards the next step)
Sporophyte (2n)/ Sporangia (2n)/ Spore Mother Cell (2n), meiosis, 4 spores (n), mitosis, gametophyte (n), mitosis, gametes (n), fertilization, zygote (2n)/embryo(2n)/sporophyte
74
How does the charophyte lifecycle differ from the life cycle of land plants?
no sporophyte
75
Which phyla have gametophyte dominant life cycles?
Bryo
76
How are spores produced? Is this the same for all plants?
via meiosis, yes
77
How are gametes produced? Is this the same for all plants?
mitosis
78
What are the two major differences between the life cycle of Angio and Bryo?
1. Angio =sphoro, Bryo=gameto | 2. Angio has 2x fertilization

Biology Lab II (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions