Chapter 10 - Electricty

Question 1

circuit

Answer 1

a path for electrons to follow, consisting of a power supply, one or more loads, and conductors joining the power supply and loads

Question 2

Electric Charge

Answer 2

physical property of matter that causes it to experience a force when near other electrically charged matter. Electric charge can be positive or negative.

Question 3

Nucleus

Answer 3

central part of an atom, made up of protons and neutrons; roundish structure inside a cell that acts as the control centre for the cell. Plural = nuclei.

Question 4

Electrons

Answer 4

negatively charged, very light particles in an atom. Electrons move around the nucleus of the atom.

Question 5

Negative electric charge

Answer 5

the charge on an atom or object with more electrons than protons

Question 6

Protons

Answer 6

positively charged particles found in the nucleus of an atom

Question 7

Positive electric charge

Answer 7

the charge on an atom or object with fewer electrons than protons

Question 8

Neutrons

Answer 8

particles with no electrical charge that are found in the nucleus of an atom

Question 9

Positively charged

Answer 9

having more protons than electrons (more positive charges than negative charges)

Question 10

Negatively charged

Answer 10

having more electrons than protons (more negative charges than positive charges)

Question 11

Neutral

Answer 11

having the same number of protons and electrons

Question 12

Static electricity

Answer 12

build-up of charge in one place

Question 13

Power supply

Answer 13

a device that can provide an electric current

Question 14

Load

Answer 14

device that uses electrical energy and converts it into other forms of energy

Question 15

Conducting path

Answer 15

connected series of materials along which an electric current can flow

Question 16

Electric current

Answer 16

A measure of the number of electrons flowing through a circuit every second. An increase in current means an increase in the rate of flow of electrons in the circuit.

Question 17

Filament

Answer 17

coil of wire made from a metal that glows brightly when it gets hot. The filaments in light globes heat up when electricity flows through them.

Question 18

Switch

Answer 18

device that opens and closes the conducting path through which a current flows

Question 19

Resistance

Answer 19

measure of the electrical energy required for an electric current to pass through an object. The energy is changed to heat.

Question 20

Circuit diagrams

Answer 20

diagram using symbols to show the parts of an electric circuit

Question 21

Electric current

Answer 21

The flow of electrons, measured by an ammeter and in units of amperes and Amos

Question 22

Series circuit

Answer 22

A circuit with the components joined one after the other in a single continuous loop

Question 23

Parallel circuit

Answer 23

a circuit that has more than one path for electricity to flow through. If one of the paths has a break in it, the others will still work.

Question 24

Ammeter

Answer 24

device used to measure the amount of current in a circuit. Ammeters are placed in series with other components in a circuit.

Question 25

Parallax error

Answer 25

error caused by reading a scale at an angle rather than placing it directly in front of the eye

Question 26

Voltmeter

Answer 26

device used to measure the voltage across a component in a circuit. Voltmeters are placed in parallel with the components.

Question 27

Random errors

Answer 27

an error that occurs due to estimation when reading scales, or when the quantity being measured changes randomly

Question 28

Systematic errors

Answer 28

errors that are consistently high or low due to the incorrect use or limitations of equipment

Question 29

Resistance

Answer 29

Is the slowing down and reduction of electrons flowing thorough a circuit

Question 29

Insulators

Answer 29

Material tightly bound, electrons dont transmit electrical energy

Question 30

Voltage

Answer 30

The amount of energy needed to make electrical charge from one point to another

Question 31

Current

Answer 31

Is how much and how quick and electric charge passes by a certain point in a conductor

Question 32

Watt

Answer 32

A unit of power that measures how quickly energy is being used in a circuit

Question 33

Resistance

Answer 33

A measure of how difficult it is for an electron to travel/flow

Question 34

Ohms law

Answer 34

Current travelling through a circuit is proportional to the voltage drop across the resistance.

Question 35

Conductor

Answer 35

A material or device that conducts or transmits heat or electricity, especially when regarded in term of its capacity to do this.

Question 36

Friction

Answer 36

The resistance that one surface or object encounters when moving over another

Question 37

Electric motor

Answer 37

Converts electrical energy to mechanical

Question 38

Magnetic field

Answer 38

A region around a magnetic material or a moving electrical charge within witch the force of the magnetism acts

Question 39

Electro magnet

Answer 39

A soft metal core made into a magnet by the passage of electric current through a coil surrounding it.