Chapter 10 Intelligence

Question 1

Intelligence

Answer 1

ability to learn, meet the demands of the environment effectively and to understand and control one’s mental activities

Question 2

metacognition

Answer 2

ability to understand and control one’s mental activities

Question 3

factor analysis

Answer 3

a statistical method for determining whether certain items on a test correlate highly, thus forming a unified set, or cluster of items

Question 4

Spearman’s two factor theory

Answer 4

statistical method to determine whether two or more items correlate thus forming a cluster

Question 5

What is s factor (spearman two factor theory)

Answer 5

specific factor ties to a specific area of functioning

Question 6

G factor (spearman two factor theory)

Answer 6

general factor relating to all clusters

Question 7

Lewis thurstone theory

Answer 7

Argues that intelligence is made up of seven distinct components
verbal comprehension, word fluency, spatial ability, associative memory, perpetual speed, reasoning

Question 8

Verbal comprehension

Answer 8

vocabulary, reading, comprehension, verbal analogies

Question 9

word fluency

Answer 9

ability to quickly generate and manipulate a large number of words with specific characteristics, like anagrams or rhyming tests

Question 10

numerical skill

Answer 10

the ability to quickly and accurately carry out mathematical operations

Question 11

spatial ability

Answer 11

skill in spatial visualization as well as the ability to mentally transform spatial figures

Question 12

associative memory

Answer 12

rote memory and associating things with previous memories

Question 13

perceptual speed

Answer 13

quickness in perceiving visual details, anomalies, similarities

Question 14

reasoning

Answer 14

skill in a variety of inductive deductive, and arithmetic reasoning tasks

Question 15

primary mental abilities

Answer 15

seven distinct mental abilities identified by thurstone as the basic components of intelligence

Question 16

Howard Gardner theory

Answer 16

Associated with theory of multiple intelligences

Question 17

theory of multiple intelligences

Answer 17

Gardner’s theory that there is no single unified intelligence but instead several independent intelligences arising from diff portions of the brain

Question 18

musical

Answer 18

sensitivity to sounds and rhythm; capacity for musical expression

Question 19

Gardner’s multiple intelligences theory (9)

Answer 19

linguistic, logical/mathematical, musical, spatial, bodily/kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, naturalistic, existentialist

Question 20

linguistic

Answer 20

sensitivity to the sound and meaning of words

Question 21

logical/mathematical

Answer 21

capacity for scientific analysis and logical/mathematical problem solving

Question 22

spatial

Answer 22

ability to accurately perceive spatial relationships

Question 23

bodily/kinesthetic

Answer 23

ability to control body movements and manipulate objects

Question 24

interpersonal

Answer 24

sensitivity to the emotions and motivations of others; skillful at managing others

Question 25

intrapersonal

Answer 25

ability to understand one's self and one's strength and weaknesses

Question 26

naturalistic

Answer 26

ability to understand patterns and processes in nature

Question 27

existentialist

Answer 27

ability to understand religious and spiritual ideals

Question 28

Robert Sternberg theory

Answer 28

Triarchic theory of intelligence

Question 29

triarchic theory of intelligence

Answer 29

Sternberg's theory that intelligence is made up of three interacting components: internal external and experiential components

Question 30

Internal analytical (triarchic)

Answer 30

internal processing of inpo, evaluating problems, measured by IQ tests

Question 31

External creative (triarchic)

Answer 31

Special way of thinking that isn't for straightforward school tasks more out of the box

Question 32

Experiential practical (triarchic)

Answer 32

type of thinking that helps us improve our environment or select new environments (adaptations)

Question 33

tacit knowledge

Answer 33

action oriented knowledge acquired without direct help from others which allows individuals to achieve goals they personally value

Question 34

Sternberg suggests that practical intelligence often relies on ____ knowledge

Answer 34

tacit

Question 35

Why does sternberg argue that effective interactions among the 3 components are keys to successful intelligence?

Answer 35

Each intellectual component actively relates to the others and it is more dynamic with more research evidence

Question 36

Stephen ceci theory

Answer 36

Bioecological model of intelligence

Question 37

Bioecological model of intelligence

Answer 37

ceci's theory that intelligence is a function of the interaction between innate potential abilities, environmental context and internal motivation

Question 38

How does Ceci think biology affects intelligence?

Answer 38

ceci claims that each person has innate abilities that are developed based on one's motivation to fulfill them

Question 39

emotional intelligence

Answer 39

ability to perceive, express, regulaye emotions and posess empathy

Question 40

social intelligence

Answer 40

ability to function in social settings, ability to get along in relationships

Question 41

Wisdom

Answer 41

ability to make sound judgements and function of practical intelligence

Question 42

Creativity

Answer 42

ability to generate valuable, original ideas includes intrinsic motivation, imagination and game personality

Question 43

personality charcateristics

Answer 43

intelligence is the cognitive part of personality

Question 44

psychometric approach

Answer 44

test intelligence with psychological testing

Question 45

mental age

Answer 45

intellectual age at which a person is functioning

Question 46

Intelligence Quotient

Answer 46

(IQ) ratio of mental age to chronological age multiplied by 100

Question 47

standardization

Answer 47

use of uniform procedures to administer and score the test

Question 48

normal distribution

Answer 48

symmetrical, bell shaped distribution where most scored are in the middle with smaller equal groups at either side

Question 49

reliability

Answer 49

degree to which a test produces the same scores over time

Question 50

test-retest reliability

Answer 50

administer the test more than once

Question 51

split half reliability

Answer 51

divide the items on a single test among two groups

Question 52

validity

Answer 52

accuracy of a measurement

Question 53

content validity

Answer 53

how well a test accurately measures what it is meant to measure

Question 54

validity coefficient

Answer 54

correlation between measurement scores and external criteria

Question 55

predictive validity

Answer 55

correlation between scores and future behaviour

Question 56

Binet Simon Intelligence test

Answer 56

developed the first standardized intelligence test and introduced the idea of mental age

Question 57

Binet's view of intelligence

Answer 57

Viewed it as the ability to demonstrate memory, judgement, reasoning and social comprehension

Question 58

What is the point of the binet's intelligence test?

Answer 58

focus on language abilities and did not look to measure a child's inborn intelligence but instead predict how well they will do in school

Question 59

Binet refused to use ___ ____ to rank children? Why?

Answer 59

Test scores, because intelligence is too complex to draw meaningful conclusions among most children

Question 60

Galton's view of intelligence

Answer 60

wanted to understand why some ppl seem more intelligen than others and understand evolutionary factors contributing

Question 61

Theory of psychophysical performance

Answer 61

Galton's theory that people with more energy can perform more work and in turn develop greater intelligence

Question 62

Psychic energy, heightened sensitivity to external stimuli are linked to

Answer 62

Galton

Question 63

What did Galton develop?

Answer 63

tests of an individual's sensory processing, motor skills, and reaction time