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RT Medical Terminology > Chapter 10: Musculoskeletal System > Flashcards

Chapter 10: Musculoskeletal System Flashcards

(91 cards)

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1
Q

Define: Articulation

A

Place of union between two or more bones

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2
Q

Define: Hematopoiesis

A

Production and development of blood cells, normally in the bone marrow.

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3
Q

Define: Ligaments

A

Connective tissue that surrounds the joint capsule to bind bones to other bones

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4
Q

Define: Tendons

A

Connective tissue that binds muscle to bone on either side of a joint.

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5
Q

Compare the following actions: Adduction vs Abduction

A

Adduction: Move closer to midline

Abduction: Move further away from midline

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6
Q

Compare the following actions: Flexion vs Extension

A

Flexion: Decreasing the angle of a joint

Extension: Increasing the angle of a joint

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7
Q

Describe: Rotation

A

Moving a bone around its own axis.

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8
Q

Compare the following actions: Pronation vs Supination

A

Pronation: Turns the palms downwards.

Supination: Turns the palms upwards

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9
Q

Compare the following actions: Inversion vs Eversion

A

Inversion: Moves the sole of the foot inwards

Eversion: Moves the sole of the foot outwards

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10
Q

Compare the following actions: Dorsiflexion vs Plantar Flexion

A

Dorsiflexion: Elevates the foot

Plantar Flexion: Lowers the foot (points the toes)

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11
Q

What is the element word for smooth (visceral) muscle?

A

Leiomy/o

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12
Q

What are the 2 element words for muscle?

A
  1. Muscul/o
  2. My/o
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13
Q

What is the element word for rod-shaped (Striated)?

A

Rhabd/o

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14
Q

What is the element word for rod-shaped (striated) muscle?

A

rhabdomy/o

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15
Q

What is the element word for Arm?

A

brachi/o

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16
Q

What is the element word for carpus (wrist bone)?

A

carp/o

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17
Q

What is the element word for head?

A

cephal/o

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18
Q

What is the element word for neck (cervix uteri)?

A

Cervic/o

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19
Q

What is the element word for clavicle (collar bone)?

A

clavicul/o

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20
Q

What is the element word for ribs?

A

cost/o

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21
Q

What is the element word for cranium (skull)?

A

Crani/o

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22
Q

What is the element word for fingers (toes)?

A

dactyl/o

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23
Q

What is the element word for humerus (upper arm bone)?

A

humer/o

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24
Q

What is the element word for phalanges (bones of the fingers and toes)?

A

phalang/o

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25
what is the element word for radiation/x-ray?
radi/o
26
What are the 2 element words for vertebrae (backbone)?
1. Spondyl/o 2. Vertebr/o
27
What is the element word for sternum (breastbone)?
Stern/o
28
What is the element word for chest?
thorac/o
29
What is the element word for calcaneum (heel bone)?
calcane/o
30
What is the element word for femur (thigh bone)?
Femor/o
31
What is the element word for fibula (smaller bone of lower leg)?
fibul/o
32
What is the element word for ilium (lateral, flaring portion of the hip bone)?
ili/o
33
What is the element word for ischium (lower portion of hip bone)?
ischi/o
34
What is the element word for loins (lower back)?
lumb/o
35
What is the element word for metatarsus?
metatars/o
36
What is the element word for patella (kneecap)?
Patell/o
37
What are the 2 element worlds for pelvis?
1. Pelv/i 2. Pelv/o
38
What is the element word for foot?
Pod/o
39
What is the element word for pubis?
Pub/o
40
What is the element word for tibia (larger bone of lower leg)?
Tibi/o
41
What is the element word for stiffness/bent/crooked?
ankyl/o
42
What is the element word for joint?
arthr/o
43
What is the element word for cartilage?
chondr/o
44
What is the element word for Band, fascia?
fasci/o
45
What is the element word for fibre/fibrous tissue?
fibr/o
46
What is the element word for humpback?
kyph/o
47
what is the element word for lamina?
lamin/o
48
What is the element word for curve/swayback?
Lord/o
49
What is the element word for bone marrow?
Myel/o
50
What is the element word for straight?
orth/o
51
What is the element word for bone?
Oste/o
52
What is the element word for a foot; child?
1. Ped/o 2. Ped/i
53
What is the element word for crooked, bent?
Scoli/o
54
What is the element word for synovial membrane, synovial fluid?
1. Synov/o
55
What are the 3 element words for tendon?
1. Ten/o 2. Tend/o 3. Tendin/o
56
What is the suffix for weakness/debility?
-asthenia
57
What is the suffix word for to break/surgical fracture?
-clasia. or -clast
58
What is the suffix for softening?
-malacia
59
What is the suffix for porous?
- porosis
60
What is the suffix word for porous?
-Porosis
61
What is the suffix word for malignant tumour of connective tissue?
-sarcoma
62
What is the suffix word for bad/painful/difficult?
dys-
63
What is the suffix word for union/together/joined?
syn-
64
Describe: bunion (hallux valgus)
Deformity in which the great toe is angled laterally toward the other toes.
65
Describe: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS)
Painful condition resulting from compression of the median nerve within the carpal tunnel (wrist canal through which the flexor tendons and the median nerve pass).
66
Describe: Claudication
Lameness, limping
67
Describe: Contracture
Fibrosis of connective tissue in the skin, fascia, muscle, or joint capsule that prevents normal mobility of the related tissue or joint.
68
Describe: Crepitation
Dry, grating sound or sensation caused by bone ends rubbing together, indicating a fracture or joint destruction.
69
Describe: Ganglion Cyst
Fluid-filled tumour that commonly develops along the tendons or joint of the wrists or hands but may also appear in the feet.
70
Describe: Gout
Joint inflammation caused by uric acid crystal deposits in the joint space.
71
Describe: Herniated Disk
Rupture of a vertebral disk’s center (nucleus pulposus) through its outer edge, causing pain, numbness, or weakness in one or both legs.
72
Describe: Hypotonia
Loss of muscle tone or a diminished resistance to passive streching.
73
Describe: Myasthenia Gravis
Chronic, progressive disorder characterized by muscle weakness and droopiness, especially in eyes + face + throat+ limbs.
74
Describe: osteomyelitis
Inflammation of the bone and bone marrow and the soft tissue surrounding the bone.
75
Osteoporosis
Loss of calcium and bone tissue, causing bones to become porous, brittle, and easily fractured.
76
Describe: Paget disease
Inflammation of bones, resulting in thickening and softening of bones, that can occur in any bone. Most commonly affects long bones of legs, lower spine, pelvis, and skull.
77
Describe: Phantom Limb
A perceived sensation, following amputation of a limb, that the limb still exists.
78
Describe: Rickets
Form of osteomalacia in children caused by vitamin D deficiency
79
Describe: Scoliosis
Abnormal lateral curvature of spine, either to right or left.
80
Describe: kyphosis
Abnormal curvature of upper portion of spine (aka humpback or hunchback)
81
Describe: Lordosis
Abnormal, inward curvature of a portion of the lower part of the spine (aka swayback).
82
Describe: Spondylolisthesis
Any slipping of a vertebra from its normal position in relationship to the one beneath it.
83
What is the suffix word for slipping?
-listhesis.
84
Describe: Sprain and Strain
Overstreching or tearing of ligaments (sprain) or muscle or tendon (strain).
85
Subluxation
Partial or incomplete dislocation of one or more vertebrae.
86
Talipes equinovarus
Congenital deformity of one or both feet in which the foot is pulled downward and laterally to the side (aka clubfoot)
87
define: autography
Series of radiographs taken after injection of contrast material into a joint cavity.
88
Define: Bone Density Test
Procedure that uses low-energy x-ray absorption to measure bone mineral density.
89
Define: Discography
Radiological exam of intervertebral disk structures with injection of a contrast medium.
90
Bone Scintigraphy
Nuclear medicine procedure that involves intravenous injection of a radionucleide taken up into the bone.
91

RT Medical Terminology (10 decks)

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